event schemas sentence patterns space and extensions of space

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1、Chapter11Eventschemas:Sentencepatterns11.0Overview11.1Thematicrolesandeventschemas:Sentencepatterns11.2Situationsinthematerialworld11.3Situationsinthepsychologicalworld11.4Situationsintheforce-dynamicworld11.5Conclusion11.6Summary11.0OverviewThischapteroffersanana

2、lysisoftheconceptualcoreofasituationanditsexpressionasagrammaticalconstruction.Inagivenconceptualcore,participantsareassociatedwithacertainfunction,orrole.Thethematicrolesparticipantsplayinasituationareknownasparticipantroles.Themostsalientparticipantrolesarethos

3、eofanagent,theparticipantthatdeliberatelyinstigatesanaction,atheme,theparticipantthatisaffectedbyanactionorisneutrallyinvolvedinasituation,andanexperiencer,theparticipantthatundergoesanemotional,perceptualormentalexperience.Therolesparticipatinginaconceptualcorede

4、fineroleconfigurations,whichbecomemeaningfulaseventschemas.Thesetofeventschemasincludestheemotionschema,theactionschema,andthetransferschema.Theseeventschemasareexpressedinasmallsetofsentencepatterns.Thebasicsentencepatternsincludeintransitive,transitiveandditransi

5、tiveconstructions.Thischapterwillattempttorelateeventschemastosentencepatternsinameaningfulway.11.1Thematicrolesandeventschemas:Sentencepatterns11.1.1Conceptualcores,rolesandeventschemasAconceptualcorewasdefinedinChapter3.1.2asarelationcombinedwithtwoormoreconcept

6、ualentitiesparticipatinginit.Letusanalysetheconceptualcoresofthefollowing270CognitiveEnglishGrammarsentences—elementssuchasdeterminers,modifiers,andadverbialsareofcoursenotpartoftheconceptualcoreandaredisregardedhere.(1)a.Myboyfriendkissedanothergirl.[agent–theme]

7、b.Butmyboyfriendstilllovesme.[experiencer–cause]Sentence(1a)describestherelationofkissingbetweentwoparticipants:‘myboyfriend’,avolitionallyactinghuman,and‘anothergirl’,towardswhomhisactionwasdirected.Moregenerally,wecandescribethiseventasanactionandcharacteriseth

8、erolesplayedbythetwoparticipantsastheinstigatorofanactionandtheentityaffectedbythisaction.Suchuniquefunctionswhichentitiesholdinasituationareknownasthematicrole