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1、广东技术师范学院天河学院本科毕业设计外文翻译译文学生姓名陈剑锋院（系）广东技术师范学院天河学院专业班级机械设计制造及其自动化指导教师蒋文明完成日期2011.12.30外文出处：http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Leaf_springLeafspringhistoryTherewereavarietyofleafsprings,usuallyemployingtheword"elliptical"."Elliptical"or"fullelliptical"leafspringsreferredtotwocirculararcslinkeda
2、ttheirtips.Thiswasjoinedtotheframeatthetopcenteroftheupperarc,thebottomcenterwasjoinedtothe"live"suspensioncomponents,suchasasolidfrontaxle.Additionalsuspensioncomponents,suchastrailingarms,wouldbeneededforthisdesign,butnotfor"semi-elliptical"leafspringsasusedintheHotchkissdrive.Thate
3、mployedthelowerarc,henceitsname."Quarter-elliptic"springsoftenhadthethickestpartofthestackofleavesstuckintotherearendofthesidepiecesofashortladderframe,withthefreeendattachedtothedifferential,asintheAustinSevenofthe1920s.Asanexampleofnon-ellipticleafsprings,theFordModelThadmultiplelea
4、fspringsoveritsdifferentialthatwerecurvedintheshapeofayoke.Asasubstitutefordampers(shockabsorbers),somemanufacturerslaidnon-metallicsheetsinbetweenthemetalleaves,suchaswood.Leafspringswereverycommononautomobiles,rightuptothe1970sinEuropeandJapanandlate70'sinAmericawhenthemovetofront-w
5、heeldrive,andmoresophisticatedsuspensiondesignssawautomobilemanufacturersusecoilspringsinstead.Todayleafspringsarestillusedinheavycommercialvehiclessuchasvansandtrucks,SUVs,andrailwaycarriages.Forheavyvehicles,theyhavetheadvantageofspreadingtheloadmorewidelyoverthevehicle'schassis,whe
6、reascoilspringstransferittoasinglepoint.Unlikecoilsprings,leafspringsalsolocatetherearaxle,eliminatingtheneedfortrailingarmsandaPanhardrod,therebysavingcostandweightinasimpleliveaxlerearsuspension.Amoremodernimplementationistheparabolicleafspring.Thisdesignischaracterisedbyfewerleaves
7、whosethicknessvariesfromcentretoendsfollowingaparaboliccurve.Inthisdesign,inter-leaffrictionisunwanted,andthereforethereisonlycontactbetweenthespringsattheendsandatthecentrewheretheaxleisconnected.Spacerspreventcontactatotherpoints.Asidefromaweightsaving,themainadvantageofparabolicspr
8、ingsi
