应用化学往年试题

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1、学院、系专业班级学号姓名······························密································封·······························线···································山东轻工业学院11/12学年第2学期《有机化学I》期末考试试卷（A卷）（本试卷共10页）题号一二三总分得分得分阅卷人一、按要求答题（本题满分55分）（一）命名或写构造式（每小题1分，共10分）1、2、3、4、5、6、丙烯腈7、TH

2、F8、NBS9、蚁酸10、巴豆醛21学院、系专业班级学号姓名······························密································封·······························线···································（二）单项选择题（每小题1分，共5分）1、下列化合物中，酸性最强的是（）A甲酸B乙酸C丙酸D丁酸2、下列化合物碱性最强的是（）A乙胺B苯胺C乙酰胺D氢氧化四甲铵3、下列哪种方法可除去苯中少量的噻

3、吩（）A用浓H2SO4洗B用盐酸洗C用NaOH溶液洗D用水洗4、下列正碳离子最不稳定的为（）5、下列箭头所指官能团IR谱中波数数值最小者是（）（三）对所给出的结构式标记构型（每小题1分，共4分）（四）写出优势构象（每小题2分，共4分）1、正丁烷（用纽曼投影式和锯架式表示）2、β-D-吡喃葡萄糖（用椅式构象式表示）21学院、系专业班级学号姓名······························密································封·······················

4、········线···································（五）用化学方法鉴别（每小题3分，共15分）1、1-丁醇、2-丁醇、2-甲基-2-丙醇2、呋喃、吡咯、吡啶3、乙酰乙酸乙酯、2-己酮、3-己醇4、氯乙烯、烯丙基氯、苄基氯5、糠醛、糠酸、糠醇（六）用机理解释下列反应。（任选一个题，共5分）2、写出乙醛羟醛缩合反应机理。选择的题号为得分（七）根据已知信息推出有机物构造式（第3题必做，1、2题任选。1或2题4分，3题8分；共12分）1、A、B两种化合物的分子式均为C3H6Cl2，

5、分别测得它们的1HNMR谱的数据为：A：（2H）五重峰2.2ppm，（4H）三重峰3.7ppm。B：（6H）单峰2.4ppm。试推测A、B的结构。2、某芳香族化合物分子组成写为，试根据下列反应确定其构造。21学院、系专业班级学号姓名······························密································封·······························线···································3、某卤代烃（A）的分

6、子式为C6H11Br，用NaOH乙醇溶液处理得（B）C6H10，（B）与溴反应的生成物再用KOH-乙醇处理得（C），（C）可与丙烯醛进行双烯合成反应生成（(D)，将（C）臭氧化再还原水解可得丁二醛OHCCH2CH2CHO和乙二醛OHC-CHO氧化产物，试推出（A）（B）（C）（D）的构造式。选择的题号为得分选择的题号为得分得分阅卷人二、完成反应（每题1分，本题满分30分）（注意：请将答案直接写在括弧里）21学院、系专业班级学号姓名······························密··········

7、······················封·······························线···································21学院、系专业班级学号姓名······························密································封·······························线···································21学院、系专业班级学号姓名·········

8、·····················密································封·······························线···································得分阅卷人三、有机合成题（注意：任选三题。每题5分，本题满分15分）用指定原料合成产品（无机试剂任选）1、苯为原料合成2-氟-1,3,5-三溴苯