物质的跨膜运输作业

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1、KeyTerms/Glossaryactionpotential动作电位(115)activetransport主动运输(108)axon轴突carrierprotein载体蛋白(102)channelprotein通道蛋白(102)coupledtransporter偶联转运蛋白(109)electrochemicalgradient电化学梯度(103)ionchannel离子通道ligand‐gatedchannel配体门通道(104)membranepotential膜电位membranetransportp

2、rotein膜转运蛋白(101)Na+‐K+pump(110)Nernstequation能斯特方程nerveterminal神经末梢nuron神经元neurotransmitter神经递质osmosis渗透作用osmoticpressure渗透压passivetransport被动运输patch‐clamprecording膜片钳记录stress‐activatedchannel应力激活通道（104）synapses突触synapticvesicles突触囊泡voltage‐gatedchannel电压门控通道v

3、oltage‐gatedNa+channel电压门控Na通道Question1:Explaininnomorethan100wordshowanactionpotentialispassedalonganaxon.动作电位是怎么沿着轴突传递的动作电位传递到轴突—>轴突前膜钙离子通道打开—>钙离子进入后促发一系列生理生化反应—>递质合成、储存—>囊泡前移，量子释放神经递质—>与图粗后膜相应受体结合—>诱发轴突后膜终板电位—>强度和时相的叠加，产生动作电位。Question2:Whichofthefollowingst

4、atementsarecorrect?Explainyouranswers.下面那个陈述是正确的，解释你的回答A.Theplasmamembraneishighlyimpermeabletoallchargedmolecules.质膜对所有带电分子都是高度不渗透的F（105）B.Channelproteinsmustfirstbindtosolutemolecules溶解分子beforetheycanselect挑选thosethattheyallowtopass.通道蛋白在挑选他们允许通过的分子时要先结合这些溶解

5、分子（103）FC.Withoutacontinualinputofenergy,cellswillburst.没有能量的持续输入，细胞将会涨破。F(111)D.Carrierproteinsallowsolutestocrossamembraneatmuchfasterratesthandochannelproteins.载体蛋白允许溶质通过膜的速度比通道蛋白快（102）FE.Certain某些H+pumpsarefueled驱动bylightenergy.光能TF.Theplasmamembraneofmany

6、animalcellscontainsopenK+channels,yettheK+concentrationinthecytosol细胞质基质ismuchhigherthanoutsidethecell.许多动物细胞的质膜包含开放的K离子通道，K离子在基质中比在细胞外浓度高。F（104）G.Asymport同向转运wouldfunctionasanantiport反转运运ifitsorientation方向inthemembranewerereversed颠倒(i.e.,iftheportion部分ofthemo

7、leculenormallyexposedto暴露thecytosol细胞质基质faced面向theoutsideofthecellinstead).H.Themembranepotential膜电位ofanaxontemporarily临时的becomesmorenegative负whenanactionpotential动作电位excites刺激it.TQuestion3:Listthefollowingcompounds化合物inorderofincreasing增大membranepermeability通

8、透性:Ca2+,RNA,glucose葡萄糖,ethanol乙醇,water,N2.Question4:Namethethreewaysinwhichanionchannel离子通道canbegated门控.(103)Question5:Aminoacids氨基酸aretakenupbyanimalcellsusingsymport同向转运intheplas