lesson 17 oil separator

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1、Lesson17OilSeparator第17课分油机1.Toensuregoodcombustionindieselenginesandreducewearandcorrosionintheengine,itmaybenecessarytoremovecertainimpuritiesfromfuelandlubricatingoil.Whenimpuritiesaresuspendedsolidsorimmiscibleliquids,theycanberemovedreasonablysuc

2、cessfullybyoneormoreofanumberofmethods.Themethodsusedatseaare:heatingtoallowseparationofwaterpresent,coarseandfinefilteringtoremovesolidparticlesandalsocentrifuging.Ofthesethreemethodscentrifugingisthemostwidelyused.1.为确保柴油机的良好燃烧和减少磨损与腐蚀，需要去除燃油和滑油中的某些

3、杂质。当杂质是悬浮固体或不溶性液体时，可以通过一种或多种方法将其相当成功地除掉。航行中常用的方法有:加热以分离出油中存在的水分，粗、细过滤以除去固体颗粒，以及离心分离。上述三种方法中，离心分离法应用最广。2.Formanyyearsmarinecentrifugesweredesignedforbatchoperation,thatis,themachineswererunforaperiodduringwhichsolidsaccumulatedinthebowl.Themachinewasst

4、oppedwhentheaccumulatedsolidsbegantoimpairitsperformanceandthesolidswereremoved.Batchcentrifugingisstillcommonlyusedespeciallyforlubricatingoilpurification,butmanymachinescapableofcontinuousorsemi-continuoussludgedischargearenowatsea.2.多年以来，船用离心机一直设计为

5、间歇操作式，即在离心机持续运行时间内，固体杂质存贮在分离筒内。当杂质积累到要削弱其性能时，离心机要停止工作，进行排渣。间歇式离心分离仍然被广泛使用，尤其是在滑油的净化方面，但是许多能够连续排渣或半连续排渣的离心机现在也在船上使用。3.Thecentrifugalseparatorisusedtoseparatetwoliquids,forexampleoilandwater,oraliquidandsolidsasincontaminatedoil.Separationisspeededupbyt

6、heuseofacentrifugeandcanbearrangedasacontinuousprocess.Whereacentrifugeisarrangedtoseparatetwoliquids,itisknownasa“purifier”.Whereacentrifugeisarrangedtoseparateimpuritiesandsmallamountsofwaterfromoilitisknownasa“clarifier”.3.离心式分离机用来分离两种液体，如油和水;或者用来分

7、离液体和固体，如污油。使用分离机可加快分离速度，且可将分离安排成一个连续的过程。当分油机用来分离两种液体时，叫作“分水机”(见图17-1)。当分油机用来分离油中的杂质和少量水时，叫作“分杂机”。4.Acentrifugeconsistsofanelectricmotordrivetoaverticalshaftonthetopofwhichismountedthebowlassembly.Anouterframeworksurroundstheassemblyandcarriesthevariou

8、sfeedanddischargeconnections.Thebowlcanbeasolidassemblywhichretainstheseparatedsludgeandoperatesnon-continuously,orthebowlcanbearrangedsothattheupperandlowerpartsseparateandthesludgecanbedischargedwhilethecentrifugeoperatescontinuously.4.离心分油机