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1、Chapter11.Whatisthescopeoflexicology?Howislexicologyrelatedtolexicographyandetymology?2.Whatarediachronicapproach历时性研究andsynchronicapproach共识性研究inlexicologicalstudy?lexicology,abranchoflinguistics,dealswiththenature,history,use,andmeaningofwordsandtherelationshipsbetweenelementsofwords.Lexicologymai
2、nlycoverstheorigin,development,structure,meaning,andapplicationofwords.Linguistsusuallydefineawordasthesmallestunitofalanguage1.Lexicologyincludesphonetics语音学phonology音韵学semantics语义学etymology词源学lexicography词典学morphology形态学Etymology,whichcanberegardedasasubfieldoflexicology,mainlyfocusesonthestudyoft
3、heoriginandhistoryofwords.Lexicography,anotherrelatedbranchtolexicology,ismainlyconcernedwithinclusionofwordsandthescienceofcompilingdictionaries.Lexicographyisabouttheapplicationoflexicology--thescienceofdictionaries.Translation;coalaboundsinthisprovince.Crystalwaterwellsoutofthespring.2.Twomajorap
4、proachesareemployedinlexicologicalstudies;11diachronicapproachandsynchronicapproach.Theyarealsotwoprincipalapproachestothestudyoflanguage.alllanguagesexistinastateofconstantchangeanddevelopment.Inlanguagestudies,linguistsmayinvestigatethehistoryandstagesoflanguagechange(diachronic)inacourseoftime.It
5、ishistoricallexicology.Atthesametime,theycanstudythelanguageuse,featuresandvariationwithinacertainstageofitsdevelopment(synchronic).Thenitisdescriptivelexicology.2.Chapter21,whatarethemajorforeigninfluencesuponthedevelopmentoftheEnglishvocabulary?Arethereanyothersourcesofinfluencethatarenotdiscussed
6、inthischapter?Couldyoufindsomeandaddwithexamples?2,whatfactorsdoyouthinkmightinfluencethedevelopmentoftheEnglishlanguage?Inyouropinion,whatwillbeEnglishlanguagebelikein50years?TheEnglishvocabularysprangfromthreemajorrootsources;Germanic,Latin,andGreek.Germanictribes;anglo-Saxons,formAD450to1150;oldE
7、nglishperiod,theycontributedabout50.000verybasicwordsintoday’sEnglish.Latin;RomanOccupation,55BC-AD410.ThestatusofEngland11wasre-enhancedastheLatin-speakingmissionariesbroughtChristianitytoEngland.Gre
