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1、乙肝两对半的解读乙肝两对半的定义TheDefinitinoOfSecongLiverTwoHalf-and-Half大三阳和小三阳Big3thisworldandsmall3thisworld乙肝的传播途径Thetransmissionwayofsecondliver*对乙肝的误解Misunderstandingofhepatitisb什么是乙肝两对半乙肝两对半是国内医院最常用的乙肝病毒(HBV)感染检测血清标志物。(Secondlivertwohalf-and-halfisthemostcommonlyusedindomestichospitalofhepatitisbv
2、irus(HBV)infectiondetectionserummarker)①乙肝表面抗原（HBsAg）②乙肝表面抗体（抗-HBs）③乙肝e抗原（HBeAg）④乙肝e抗体（抗-HBe）⑤乙肝核心抗体（抗-HBc）测定两种抗原和三种抗体，也就是俗称的“两对半”。Determinationoftwokindsofantigensandthreekindsofantibody,alsoknownasthe"twohalf-and-half".乙肝的传播途径Thetransmissionwayofsecondliver血液传播（Bloodtransmission)：如输入被感染的
3、全血、血浆、血清或其它血制品，或其他血源性注射传播。Suchasinputofwholeblood,plasma,seruminfectedorotherbloodproducts,orotherblood-bornespreadofinjection性传播(Sexuallytransmission)：性滥交、同性恋和异性恋之间的亲密性行为是重要的乙肝病毒传播途径，这种传播亦包括家庭夫妻间的传播，夫妻之间的无防御措施的性行为传播率大概在14%左右，具体引人而异。因乙肝病人的唾液中可以查到乙肝病毒，在接吻时有可能会由于皮肤粘膜破损造成传染。因此在口腔有破损（如溃疡，咬伤，牙龈
4、出血等）的情况下应避免与乙肝病毒携带者亲吻。Casualsexandintimacybetweenhomosexualandheterosexualsexisanimportantrouteoftransmission,hepatitisbvirusspreadthisalsoincludesthespreadoffamilyhusbandandwife,betweenhusbandandwife,withoutdefensemeasuresthesexuallytransmittedrateatabout14%,aboutthespecificvaries.Because
5、ofhepatitisbpatientssalivacangethepatitisbvirus,duringakissmaybecausedbydamagedskinandmucosainfected.Thusinthemouthisbroken(suchasulcers,bite,bleedinggums,etc.)ofthecasesshouldbeavoidedandkissthepersonthatsecondlivervirusiscarried.母婴传播(Mother-to-childtransmission)：母婴传播约占50％以上，其中宫内感染约占4.54%
6、，其余为分娩时的感染；分娩时母亲的血液、阴道分泌物通过胎儿的破损皮肤、粘膜而传染；胎盘剥离时微量血液漏至胎循环中；产前或产程中胎儿吸入母亲的血液、羊水、阴道分泌物而感染；Mother-to-childtransmission(PMTCT)accountedforabout50%oftheabove,theintrauterineinfectionaccountedforabout4.54%,therestforchildbirthinfections;Birthmother'sblood,vaginalsecretionsinfectionbythebreakageofth
7、efetalskin,mucousmembrane;Theplacentastrippingwhentracebloodleakageintothefetalcirculation;Antenatalfetalinhalationinthemother'sblood,amnioticfluid,orthestages,vaginalsecretionsandinfection;为何乙肝歧视问题如此“根固”？Whyso"deep"hepatitisbdiscrimination?1、乙肝患者人数过于庞大，造成人们对乙
