最新英文版（颅骨解剖教学讲义ppt.ppt

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1、英文版（颅骨解剖）【目的和要求】1．掌握颅的组成，脑颅、面颅的名称。2．掌握颅底内面观的主要结构。3．掌握骨性鼻旁窦的名称、位置及开口。4．了解新生儿颅骨的特征及生后变化。downUpTheskull颅Theskullcontains23bones.Theskullisdividedintotwoparts:cerebralcranium脑颅andfacialcranium面颅downUp(三）Theskullasawhole颅的整体观1.ThesuperioraspectoftheskullUpcoronalsuture冠状缝sagi

2、ttalsuture矢状缝lambdoidsuture人字缝downTheskullisgenerallyovoidwhenfromabove,andiswiderbehindthaninfront.Itformedbyfourcranialbones.Up2.TheposterioraspectoftheskulldownThemostoutstandingfeatureoftheoccipitalboneisexternaloccipitalprotuberance枕外隆凸.Theridge骨嵴passingoneachsidela

3、terallyoftheprotuberanceisthesuperiornuchalline上项线3.TheinternalsurfaceofthebaseofskulldownUpItisdividedintothreefossa.Thesearetheanterior,themiddleandtheposteriorcranialfossa.downUpfrontalcrest额嵴foramencecum盲孔cristagalli鸡冠cribriformplat筛板cribriformforamina筛孔(1)Theanterio

4、rcranialfossa颅前窝downUpInthecenteristhehypophysialfossa垂体窝.Infrontofthehypophysialfossaistheopticcanal视神经管.Lateraltothehypophysialfossaisthecarotidsulcus颈动脉沟.Thereareaseriesofforaminainthelateralportionofthemiddlecranialfossa:foramenrotundum圆孔,foramenovale卵圆孔foramenspinos

5、um棘孔(2)Themiddlecranialfossa颅中窝downUpItisthelargestanddeepestofthethreecranialfossa.Thelowestpartofthefossapresentstheforamenmagnum枕骨大孔，Therearehypoglossalcanal舌下神经管内口abovetheanterolateralmarginoftheforamenmagnum.(3)TheposteriorcranialfossadownUpBehindtheforamenmagnum,th

6、erearetheinternaloccipitalprotuberance枕内隆凸,sulcusfortransversesinus横窦沟,sulcusforsigmoidsinus乙状窦沟,jugularforamen颈静脉孔.internalacousticpore内耳门4.TheexternalsurfaceofthebaseofskulldownUpincisiveforamen切牙孔greaterpalatineforamen腭大孔posteriornasalapertures鼻后孔occipitalcondyle枕髁hyp

7、oglossalcanal舌下神经管外口jugularforamen颈静脉孔styloidprocess茎突stylomastiodforamen茎乳孔5.ThelateralviewofskulldownUpexternalacousticpore外耳门mastoidprocess乳突zygomaticarch颧弓temporalfossa颞窝infratemporalfossa颞下窝pterion：inthetemporalfossa,thearea,wherethefourbones,frontal,parietal,tempor

8、alandsphenoid,isknownaspterion翼点.6.ThefrontviewofskullUp(1)theforehead额区superciliaryarch眉弓down眉的形态与美容的关