最新抗癌药(Anti-Cancer教学讲义ppt.ppt

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1、抗癌药(Anti-CancerOverviewIntroductionMalignantdiseaseaccountsforahighproportionofdeathsinindustrialisedcountries.Thetreatmentofanticancerdrugistogivepalliation,induceremissionand,ifpossible,cure.OverviewIntroductionCanceroccursafternormalcellshavebeentransformedintoneoplasticcellsthroughalterationo

2、ftheirgeneticmaterialandtheabnormalexpressionofcertaingenes.Neoplasticcellsusuallyexhibitchromosomalabnormalitiesandthelossoftheirdifferentiatedproperties.Thesechangesleadtouncontrolledcelldivisionandmanyresultintheinvasionofpreviouslyunaffectedorgans,aprocesscalledmetastasis.CancerChemotherapyDi

3、seaseName5YearsSurvivalRateSmallCellLungCancer（LimitedStage）10~20%（ExtensiveStage）0~5%Non-Hodgkin’slymphoma*40~65%OvarianCancer40~60%ChildrenSolidTumor（Nephroblastoma,Rhabdomyosarcoma、Lymphoma，Osteosarcoma）*60~90%Trophoblastoma（ChorionEpithelioma）**80~90%SeminomaofTestis**60~90%EmbryonicCarcinoma

4、ofTestis60~80%Note：*Combinationwithothertherapeutics**ChemotherapyLevelofourcountryishighTheClassificationofAnticancerDrugsAccordingtochemicalstructureandresourceofthedrug;Accordingtobiochemistrymechanismsofanticanceraction;AccordingtothecycleorphasespecificityofthedrugTheClassificationofAnticanc

5、erDrugsAccordingtochemicalstructureandresourceofthedrug:AlkylatingAgents,Antimetabolite,Antibiotics,PlantExtracts，Hormones，OthersTheClassificationofAnticancerDrugsAccordingtobiochemistrymechanismsofanticanceraction:BlocknucleicacidbiosynthesisDirectinfluencethestructureandfunctionofDNAInterferetr

6、anscriptionandblockRNAsynthesisInterfereproteinsynthesisandfunctionInfluencehormonehomeostasisOthersTheClassificationofAnticancerDrugsAccordingtothecycleorphasespecificityofthedrug:cellcyclenonspecificagents(CCNSA)cellcyclespecificagents(CCSA)TheBasicConceptofCellGenerationCycleThecycleofcellrep

7、licationincludes:M（Mitosis）phaseG1（Gap1,periodbeforeS）phaseS（DNAsynthesis）phaseG2（Gap2,periodafterS）phaseGrowthFraction(GF）GrowthFraction(GF)GF＝ProliferatingcellgroupTotaltumorcellgroupCCNSA：drugsthatareactivethroughou