最新Interpersonal Attraction[人际吸引](55)教学讲义ppt.ppt

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1、InterpersonalAttraction[人际吸引](55)Whydopeopleformrelationshipswithothers?Peoplearesocialanimalswhohaveabasic“needtobelong”NewbornsareresponsivetohumanfacesInfantsengageinsocialsmilingHavingclosesocialtiesisassociatedwithbeinghappier&moresatisfied,andnothavingthemwithloneliness,depression,worsephy

2、sicalhealth,andearlierdeath.Whyarepeopleinitiallyattractedtoeachother?Exercise:Whywouldphysicalproximityincreasethechancesthatwewilllikesomeone?Moreinteraction:Pathscross,learnaboutsimilarities,feellikedbyotherperson,etc.Familiarity:Generalprinciple(humans,otheranimals)Mereexposureeffect(Zajonc)

3、Mereexposure:Thetendencyfornovelstimulitobelikedmoreorratedmorepositivelyafteronehasbeenrepeatedlyexposedtothem.Novelstimuli(e.g.,Turkishwords,Chinesecharacters,men’sfaces)Iv=numberofexposuresDV=likingResults:Preferredstimulihadseen____________.Mereexposurestudies(Zajonc&colleagues)Womenworehead

4、phonesand,inoneear,heardaprosepassageandrepeatedthewordsoutloud,checkingforerrors.Inthesecondear,they“heard”novelmelodiesplayedsosoftlytheywerenotawarethattheyhadheardthem.IV:Melodies“heard”belowawareness(i.e.,subliminally)versusmelodiesneverheard.DVs:Recognitionofmelodies(Haveyoueverheardthisme

5、lodybefore?YesorNo?)Likingformelodies(Doyoulikethismelody?YesorNo?)Results:Recognition___________chance.But,_________likingforthemelodiesthattheyhadpreviously“heard.”MereexposureandawarenessMereexposureeffectoccursevenwhenpeopleareNOTawarethattheyhavebeenexposedtothestimulus.Mereexposureandattra

6、ctionHowmight“mereexposure”workinacontextrelevanttoattraction?ProximityleadstolikingMoreland&Beach,1992IV:Fourfemaleconfederatesattendedlargeclass0,5,10,or15timesDV:HowmuchlikedslidesofconfederateatendofsemesterResults:The_________timesconfederateattendedtheclass,the_____shewasliked.Proximitylea

7、dstolikingFamiliarityleadstolikingFamiliaritybreedsliking.But,moststudiesusedneutralorpositivestimuli.(Doesfamiliarityeverbreedcontempt?)PhysicalattractivenessWearebiasedtopreferphysicallyattractivepeople.Physicalattractiven