最新electroencephalogram (eeg), wakefulness and sleep[脑电图（eeg，清醒和睡眠](35)-药学医学精品资料.ppt

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1、最新Electroencephalogram(EEG),WakefulnessandSleep[脑电图（EEG），清醒和睡眠](35)-药学医学精品资料Electroencephalogram(EEG)1.BrainWavesBrainWaves:StateoftheBrainNormalbrainfunctioninvolvescontinuouselectricalactivityPatternsofneuronalelectricalactivityrecordedarecalledbrainwavesB

2、rainwaveschangewithage,sensorystimuli,braindisease,andthechemicalstateofthebodyAnelectroencephalogram(EEG)recordsthisactivityEEGscanbeusedtodiagnoseandlocalizebrainlesions,tumors,infarcts,infections,abscesses,andepilepticlesionsAflatEEG(noelectricalactivity)

3、isclinicalevidenceofdeathBeta:high-amplitudewavesseenindeepsleepandwhenreticularactivatingsystemisdampedStrongestfromfrontallobesnearprecentralgyrus.Producedbyvisualstimuliandmentalactivity.Evokedactivity.13-25cycles/sec.AlphaBlock:Replacementofthealpharhyth

4、mbyanasynchronous,low-voltagebetarhythmwhenopeningtheeyes.Theta:moreirregularthanalphawavesEmittedfromtemporalandoccipitallobes.Commoninnewbornsomesleepinadult.Adultindicatessevereemotionalstress.5-8cycles/sec.Delta:high-amplitudewaves;Commonduringsleepandaw

5、akeinfant.Inawakeadultindicatebraindamage.1-5cycles/sec.SPONTANEOUSCORTICALELECTRICALPOTENTIALS:THEEEGDiagrammaticcomparisonoftheelectricalresponsesoftheaxonandthedendritesofalargecorticalneuron.2.MechanismofEEGCurrentflowtoandfromactivesynapticknobsontheden

6、dritesproduceswaveactivity,whileAParetransmittedalongtheaxon.MechanismofEEGContinuousgraphofchangingvoltagefieldsatscalpsurfaceresultingfromongoingsynapticactivityinunderlyingcortexInputsfromsubcorticalstructuresThalamusBrainstemreticularformationEEGsignalsg

7、eneratedbycortexCurrentsinextracellularspacegeneratedbysummationofEPSPsandIPSPs3.EEGRecordsDuringEpilepticSeizureEpilepsyischaracterizedbyuncontrolledexcessiveactivityofeitherapartorallofthecentralnervoussystem.Grandmalepilepsy:characterizedbyextremeneuronal

8、dischargesinallareasofthebrain,lastfromafewsecondsto3to4minutes.Petitmalepilepsy:Characterizedby3to30secondsofunconsciousnessordiminishedconsciousnessduringwhichthepersonhasseveraltwitch-likecon