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1、ch14CurrentTrendsinSystemDevelopment1.1TheUnifiedProcessUnifiedProcess(UP)definesacompletemethodologythatusesUMLforsystemmodelsanddescribesanew,adaptivesystemdevelopmentlifecycle.ItisoriginallyofferedbyRationalSoftware,whichisnowpartofIBM.Developedby:GradyBooch,JamesRumbaugh,IvarJacobsonwhicharethet
2、hreepioneersbehindthesuccessofUML.AphaseintheUPcanbethoughtofasagoalormajoremphasisforaparticularportionoftheproject.UPphaseObjectiveInceptionDevelopanapproximatevisionofthesystem,makethebusinesscase,definethescope,andproduceroughestimatesforcostandschedule.ElaborationDefinethevision,identifyanddesc
3、ribeallrequirements,finalizethescope,designandimplementthecorearchitectureandfunctions,resolvehighrisks,andproducerealisticestimatesforcostandschedule.ConstructionIterativelyimplementtheremaininglower-risk,predictable,andeasierelementsandpreparefordeployment.TransitionCompletethebetatestanddeploymen
4、tsousershaveaworkingsystemandarereadytobenefitasexpected.FourCoreValuesofXPCommunicationEffectivecommunicationinvolvesnotonlydocumentationbutalsoverbaldiscussion.SimplicitylessismoreEventhoughdevelopershavealwaysadvocatedkeepingsolutionssimple,theydon’talwaysfollowtheirownadvice.FeedbackAswithsimpli
5、city,gettingfrequent,meaningfulfeedbackisrecognizedasabestpracticeofsoftwaredevelopment.CourageDevelopersalwaysneedcouragetofacetheharshchoiceofdoingthingsrightorthrowingawaybadcodeandstartingover.XPPractices:PlanningXPembraceschange.Changethechanging.XPplanningfocusesonmakingaroughplanquicklyandthe
6、nrefiningitasthingsbecomeclearer.ThebasisofanXPplanisasetofstoriesthatusersdevelop.Astorydescribeswhatthesystemneedstodo.XPdoesn’tusethetermusecase,butauserstoryandausecaseexpressasimilaridea.XPPractices:TestingEverynewpieceofsoftwarerequirestesting,andeverymethodologyincludestesting.Thedeveloperswr
7、itetheunittests,andtheuserswritetheacceptancetests.Beforeanycodecanbeintegratedintothelibraryofthegrowingsystem,itmustpassthetests.Byhavingthetestswrittenfirst,XPautomatestheiruseandexecutesthemfreque
