【威学教育】王鑫托福阅读TPO22-2阅读文本.docx

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1、优选【王鑫托福阅读】托福TPO全集之TPO22-2TPO22　　TP022-2TheBirthofPhotography　　1.Whatcanbeinferredfromparagraphs1and2abouttheeffectofphotographyonnineteenth-centurypainting?　　A.Photographydidnotsignificantlychangethewaypeoplelookedatreality.　　B.Mostpaintersusedtheimagesofthecameraobscurainpreferencetothoseofthed

2、aguerreotype.　　C.Painterswhowereconcernedwithrealisticornaturalisticrepresentationwereparticularlyinfluencedbyphotography.　　D.Artistsusedthelong-awaitedinventionofphotographyinjustthewaystheyhadexpectedto.　　2.Accordingtoparagraphs2and3whichofthefollowingdidthedaguerreotypeandthecalotypehaveinmon

3、?　　A.Theywereequallyusefulforartists.　　B.Theycouldbereproduced.　　C.Theyproducedapermanentimage　　D.Theywereproducedontreatedpaper.9/9优选　　er.　　v　　3.Theword"duplicated"inthepassageisclosestinmeaningto　　A.copied　　B.replaced　　C.handled　　D.clarified　　Paragraph1:Perceptionsofthevisibleworldweregreatlya

4、lteredbytheinventionofphotographyinthemiddleofthenineteenthcentury.Inparticular,andquitelogically,theartofpaintingwasforeverchanged,thoughnotalwaysinthewaysonemighthaveexpected.Therealisticandnaturalisticpaintersofthemid-andlate-nineteenthcenturywereallintentlyawareofphotography—asathingtouse,to

5、learnfrom,andreactto.　　Paragraph2:Unlikemostmajorinventions,photographyhadbeenlongandimpatientlyawaited.Theimagesproducedbythecameraobscura,aboxlikedevicethatusedapinholeorlenstothrowanimageontoaground-glassscreenorapieceofwhitepaper,werealreadyfamiliar—thedevicehadbeenmuchemployedbytopographica

6、lartistsliketheItalianpainterCanalettoinhisdetailedviewsofthecityofVenice.Whatwaslackingwasawayofgivingsuchimagespermanentform.ThiswasfinallyachievedbyLouisDaguerre(1787-1851),whoperfectedawayoffixingthemonasilveredcopperplate.Hisdiscovery,the"daguerreotype,"wasannouncedin1839.　　Paragraph3:Aseco

7、ndandverydifferentprocesswaspatentedbytheBritishinventorWilliamHenryTalbot(1800-1877)in1841.Talbot's"calotype"wasthefirstnegative-to-positiveprocessandthedirectancestorofthemodernphotograph.Thecalotypewasrevolutionaryinitsus