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1、初中英语语法---被动语态 英语的语态分主动语态和被动语态两种。主动语态的主语是动作的执行者；被动语态的主语是动作的承受者。 eg.Wemakeacar(主动句).-- Acarismadebyus(被动句)。(主语变成by的宾语)一、构成是：be＋及物动词的过去分词。Theworkisfinishedbyhim 2)ChineseisspokenbypeopleinChina. 二、被动语态的时态1.一般现在时：am/is/are+过去分词 eg.EnglishisspokenbyEnglishmen. 2.一般过去时：was/were+过去分词 eg.T
2、hemachinesweremadeinChina.3.一般将来时:will/shall/begoingtobe+过去分词 eg.Asportsmeetingwillbeheldinourschoolnextweek. 4.现在完成时：have/hasbeen+过去分词 eg.Theworkhasbeendonebythem. 5.含情态动词的被动语态：can/may/must/should+be+过去分词(haveto也符合)eg.Hemustfinishthework-----Theworkmustbefinishedbyhim.HehastospeakEng
3、lish.---Englishhastobespokenbyhim.三被动语态的特殊用法1、短语动词（如：lookafter,laughat,listento,speakto,takecareof,giveup,putoff,）等作谓语，变被动语态时，要把它们看作一个整体，其中的介词或副词不能漏掉。eg.Welookafterthebabycarefully.---Thebabyislookedaftercarefully.Weshouldspeaktotheoldpolitely.----Theoldshouldbespokentopolitely2、感官动词（se
4、e,watch,notice,hear,feel等）和不带to的不定式（let,make,have等）变被动语态时，要加上to。EgIsawtheboyplayinthestreet.----Theboywasseentoplayinthestreet.Shemademestandfor45minutes.。------Iwasmadetostandfor45minutes.Ihearhimsinging-----Heisheardsinging.(接ing的还保持ing)3、带双宾语的句子变被动语态时，如果物作主语，通常要在人前加to，但当动词为make,mend,
5、buy,get,sing,cook,fetch,等时，要在人前加forEgTheypassmealetter.----Iwaspassedaletter.或Aletterispassedtome.Heboughtmeabook------IwasboughtabookAbookwasboughtforme4、当宾语后的补足语是形容词，变被动语态时，只能将宾语变为被动语态的主语，而宾补保留在谓语后面。EgWemustkeeptheroomclean------Theroommustbekeptclean四特别提醒1)只有及物动词和及物动词短语才有被动语态，不及物动词没
6、有被动语态如arrive,die,,happen,takeplace,fall,rise,belongto)和感官动词sound,feel,look等也没被动Theaccidenthappenedin1968.Hefellintotheriver.Thepaperfeelssoft。2)在一些固定短语中常用被动语态Itissaid/reported/supposed/believedthat…（据说/据报道/据推测/有人相信……）。例如：Itissaidthatheisadoctor.据说他是个医生。=Peoplesaythatheisadoctor3）主动形式表被动
7、意义的几种情况。，（如read,act,write,sell等）egThestory-booksellswell.这本故事书很畅销。Thisbikerideswell.这个自行车好骑Themachinerunswell.机器运转良好。 被动语态训练题一单项选择()1.Thelightintheroom___beforeyouleave.A.mustturnoffB.willturnoff C.areturnedoffD.mustbeturnedoff()2Theyoungtrees____plantedinspring. A.mustB.have
