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1、UnitTWoContrastBetweenEnglishandChineseLanguages2.1ComparativeStudiesofEnglishandChineseLanguagesfromaMacroscopicViewPoint许p2302.2Hypotacticvs.Paratactic(形合和意合)Hypotaxis:“dependentorsubordinateconstructionorrelationshipofclauseswithconnectives”Parataxis:“
2、thearrangingofclausesoneafteranotherwithoutconnectivesshowingtherelationbetweenthem.”eg.Comeifyoulike.(想来就来吧)Ca).Partyofficialsworkedlonghoursonmeagerfood,incoldcavesandbydimlamps.b)Themonkmayrunaway,butneverhistemple.跑得了和尚，跑不了庙。c).Iputonmyclothesbythelig
3、htofahalf-moonjustsetting,whereraysstreamedthroughthenarrowwindownearmycribs.我趁着月光穿上衣服,半轮晓月渐渐西沉,月光透过我小床旁边一个窄窄的窗子射进来。whereraysstreamedthroughthenarrowwindownearmycribs.d)Inthemedicalcollege,shelivedthegirl’sdormitoryandatelikeeverybodyelseintheschoolcantee
4、n.Beforedaybreak,shewouldgetuptomemorizewordsofaforeignlanguage.Withthebell,booksunderarm,shewouldgotolecturesandclasses,takingcareful,close-writtennotes.进了医学院，她住女生宿舍，在食堂吃大锅饭，天不亮，她就起来背外语单词。铃声响，她夹着书本去上课，大课小课，密密麻麻的笔记。e)Thiswasanintelligentlyorganizedandferv
5、antmeetinginapackedTownHall,withMr.Stronginthechair.这是一次精心组织起来的会议。市政厅里济济一堂,热情洋溢,主持会议的是斯特朗先生。Heisthelastpersonforsuchajob.他最不适合担任这项工作f)Somehowourpathtookustowardtheparkacrossthefootbridgehighabovetherollingwatersoftheriver.我们不知不觉地朝公园走去。公园就在人行桥那边,桥下很深的地方,汹涌
6、的河滚滚流过。2.Syntheticvs.Analytic(综合性语与分析性语)eg.Oxfordismuchsmallerinnumbers.Ithas,orhadtillyesterday,fewerstudentsthantheuniversityofToronto.牛津大学在校学生数比多伦多大学要少多了。牛津大学在校学生数无论现在还是过去都比多伦多大学少。Icouldhavelaughedtohearhimtalklikethis.听到他这样讲话,我差点笑出来了。(thingsthatmayhap
7、peninthepast)3.Compactvs.Diffusive(紧凑与松散)eg...AnotionhastakenholdintheUSAtotheeffectthattheonlypeoplewhoshouldbeencouragedtobringchildrenintotheworldarethosewhocanaffordthem.在美国有一个根深蒂固的观点,说是只有那些抚养得起子女的民族,才应鼓励其生育。(收缩成一个复合句)..Althoughlonelyinanewland,hewasd
8、escribedbyhisfellowworkersandstudentsascheerful,ofafriendlynature,honestandmodest.Herlifesolacewasvisitingandnews.虽然他单身一人,又处在异地他乡,但正如他的同事和学生描述牡那样,他为人愉快开朗,温文尔雅,诚实谦虚。..Herlife’ssolacewasvisitingandnews.他平生的慰藉是探亲访友,打听消
