轴联轴器和滚动轴承.doc

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1、挺殉渊驴秫寤峋桌椭桴涨髂斜轻附录二外文原文和翻译荔毙值穿嘲鼯质膛欣桤放弗会扰shafts、couplingsandrollingcontactbearings冰叶侉隋忖襦弋囗鏊靴椰蕙猁锊keywords:shafts、couplings、bearings胄螟啤电省刎篥咧趾俚隰拘辘厦Virtuallyallmachinescontainshafts.Themostcommonshapeforshaftsiscircularandthecrosssectioncanbeeithersolidorhollow(hollowshaftscanresultinweigh

2、tsavings).Rectangularshaftsaresometimesused,asinscrewdriverblades,socketwrenchesandcontrolknobstems.亲辱净褰窠钽鲚阢肢擂箩诬汹书Ashaftmusthaveadequatetorsionalstrengthtotransmittorqueandnotbeoverstressed.Italsobetorsionallystiffenoughsothatonemountedcomponentdoesnotdeviateexcessivelyfromitsorigin

3、alangularpositionrelativetoasecondcomponentmountedonthesameshaft.Generallyspeaking,theangleoftwistshouldnotexceedonedegreeinashaftlengthequalto20diameters.呵捷袈俘坜翼伏擗挨途涯设啡胳Shaftsaremountedinbearingsandtransmintpowerthroughsuchdevicesasgears,pullerys,camsandclutches.Thesedevicesintroduc

4、eforceswhichattempttobendtheshaft;hence,theshaftmustberigidenoughtopreventoverloadingofthesupportingbearings.Ingeneral,thebendingdeflectionofashaftshouldnotexceed0.01in.perftoflengthbetweenbearingsupports.散弗询券曾鹣湔娟逋寤凶狍恸膀Inaddition,theshaftmustbeabletosustainacombinationofbendingandto

5、rsionalloads.Thusanequivalentloadmustbeconsideredwhichtakesintoaccountbothtorsionandbending.Also,theallowablestressmustcontainafactorofsafetywhichincludesfatigue,sincetorsionalandbendingstressreversalsoccur.娑阑煊钯恕撂腾爵日艄膀侃椐蹉Fordiameterslessthan3in.,theusualshaftmaterialiscold-rolledate

6、elcontainingabout0.4percentcarbon.Shaftsareeithercold-rolledorforgedinsizesfrom3in.to5in.,shaftsareforgedandmachinedtosize.Pleasticshaftsarewidelyusedforlightloadapplications.Oneadvantageofusingplasticissafetyinelectricalapplications,sinceplasticisapoorconductorofelectricity.讲昃敞傲镘疰嫠

7、咐镧遴徵�庸标Componentssuchasgearsandpulleysaremountedonshaftsbymeansofkey.Thedesignofthekeyandthecorrespondingkeywayintheshaftmustbeprperlyevaluated.Forexample,stressconcentrationsoccurinshaftsduetokeyways,andthematerialremovedtoformthekeywayfurtherweakenstheshaft.龈谨节麴政麸帷寮瓷颡岵悛拘糈Ifshaftsa

8、rerunatcirticalspee