5、, A 1 = A 2 =100m m 2 , A 3 =150m m 2 ,F=20kN 。试求C点的水平位移和铅垂位移。参考答案:解:(1) ∑ F x =0, F 3 =0, F 2 = F 1 = F 2 (2)因 F 3 =0,故Δ l 3 =0 Δ l 1 = F 1 ⋅l E A 1 = F 2 l EA 1 = 10× 10 3 ×1 210× 10 9 ×100× 10 −6 = 1 2100 m=0.476mm(向下) Δ l 2 =Δ l 1 =0.476mm(向下)由图中几何关系知; Δ Cx =
6、 Δ Ax = Δ Ay =0.476mm; Δ Cy =0.476mm14. 一结构受力如图所示,杆件AB,AD均由两根等边角钢组成。已知材料的许用应力 [ σ ]=170MPa ,试选择杆AB,AD的角钢型号。参考答案: 解: ∑ M E =0 , F N AD ×2=300× 10 3 × 1 2 ×2×2, F N AD =300× 10 3 N 由节点A: F NAB sin 30 ∘ = F N AD , F N AB =2 F N AD =600kN 故 A AB ≥ F AB
7、 2×170× 10 6 = 600× 10 3 2×170× 10 6 =1.77× 10 −3 m 2 =17.7 c m 2 故杆AB选2根100×10角钢。 σ AD = F N AD 2 A AD = 300× 10 3 2× AAD ≤170× 10 6 , A AB ≥ 300× 10 3 2×170× 10 6 =8.85c m 2 故杆AD选2根80×6角钢。15. 阶梯形圆杆,AE段为空心,外径D=140mm,内径d=100mm;BC段为实心,直径d=100mm。外力偶矩 M A =18
8、kN⋅m, M B =32kN⋅m, M C =14kN⋅m 。已知: [ τ ]=80MPa,[ ϕ ′ ]=1.2 ( ∘ )/m,G=80GPa 。试校核该轴的强度和刚度。参考答案: 解:(1)强度 τ BCmax = 16 T 1 π d 3 = 16×14× 10 3 π× 0.1 3 =71.3× 10