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1、分词作状语being+v.-ed(beingdone)与句中主语构成逻辑上的动宾关系,且与谓语动词同时发生，一般作原因状语置于句首。havingbeen+v-ed(havingbeendone)与句中主语构成逻辑上的动宾关系,且先于谓语动词发生。2.分词作状语的基本原则1）分词作状语时，分词的逻辑主语必须与句子的主语保持一致。2）分词作状语必须和句中主语含有逻辑上的主谓或动宾关系，否则不能使用分词作状语。1）Beingill,hedidn’tgotoschool.2)Givenmuchmoretime,hewoulddoitb
2、etter.Eg.Hearingthebell,thestudentsbegantoentertheclassroom.（听见和进入两个动作同时发生）Thebuildingbeingbuiltnowisournewlibrary.（beingbuilt为现在分词的被动形式，表示动作正在进行之中。）Havingdonethework,hewenthome.完成了工作，他就回家了。分词作状语1.作时间状语1）Havingfinishedhishomework,hewenttoplayfootball.2)Hearingthenew
3、s,theygotexcited.2.作原因状语1）Notknowinghisaddress,shewenttoapolicemanforhelp.2)Beingill,hewaslateforschool.3.作伴随状语1)Hestoodagainstthedoor,readinganewspaper.(表伴随情况)2)Istayedupverylate,preparingmyspeech.(说明细节情况)4.作条件状语1）Givenachance,Icansurprisetheworld.2)Seenfromthetopo
4、fthehill,ourschoollooksverybeautiful.5.作让步状语Havingbeentoldmanytimes,hestillrepeatedthesamemistake.6.作结果状语1）Shewascaughtinaheavyrain,fallingill.2)Thecupdroppedtotheground,breakingintopieces.注：现在分词作结果状语，表示由谓语动词部分所造成的结果。Walkinginthestreet,Icameacrossanoldfriendofmine.(
5、=WhenIwaswalkinginthestreet,Icameacrossanoldfriendofmine.)Whilewaitingforthebus,hereadacopyofChinaDaily.1）表时间状语2)表原因状语Beingill,hedidn’tgotoschool.Beingastudent,youshouldstudyhard.(=Sinceyouareastudent,youshouldstudyhard.）既然你是一个学生，你就应该努力学习。由于想到它或许在家，所以我就给他打了电话。Thinki
6、nghemightbeathome,Icalledhim.(AsIthoughthemightbeathome,Icalledhim.)3)表方式、伴随情况的状语：作伴随状语的分词表示的动作，必须是主语的一个动作，或是与谓语所表示的动作（或状态）同时发生，或是对谓语表示的动词（或状态）作进一步地补充说明。Eg.Hesatonthesofa,watchingTV.(=Hesatonthesofa,andwatchedTV.)他们笑着谈着走进了教室。__________________,theywentintotheclassro
7、om.他斜靠(lean)着墙站着。Hestoodleaningagainstthewall.(＝Hestoodandleanedagainstthewall.)Laughingandtalking4)表结果Eg.Hermotherdiedin1990,leavingherwithheryoungerbrother.(=Hermotherdiedin1990,andleftherwithheryoungerbrother.)全国到处在传唱这首歌曲，使它成了一首最受欢迎的歌曲。Thesongissungalloverthecoun
8、try,________________________________.makingitthemostpopularsong5)表条件Usingyourhead,youwillfindaway.(=Ifyouuseyourhead,youwillfindaway.)一直往前
