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1、52ndAIAA/ASME/ASCE/AHS/ASCStructures,StructuralDynamicsandMaterialsConference
19thAIAA2011-17354-7April2011,Denver,ColoradoSIMULATINGCOMPOSITESCRUSH:FROMTHECOUPONLEVELTOFULLVEHICLECRASHWORTHINESS12KyleC.IndermuehleandVladimirS.SokolinskyDassaultSystèmesSIMULIACorp.,Providence,RI,02909,USAan
2、d3GrahamBarnesEngenuityLimited,WestSussex,RH175HF,UnitedKingdomTheinitialusageofcompositesintheaerospace,automotive,andotherindustrieswasfortheprimarybenefitsoftheirhighstrength-to-weightratios,theabilitytomoldcomplexshapes,andreductioninmanufacturingtime.Today,compositesarealsobeingutilizedtot
3、akeadvantageoftheirexcellentperformancerelatedtoenergyabsorptionduringimpactandcrashevents.AdvancesincommercialFiniteElementAnalysis(FEA)softwarehaveenabledengineerstoaccuratelysimulatetheperformanceofcompositestructuresinthesehigh-speed,highlynonlinearevents.Differentmethodologiesandmodelingap
4、proachesareneededforsimulatingcompositescrushatthecouponlevelversussimulatingthefullvehiclecrashevent.ThispaperpresentsnewFEAtechnologyanddamagemodelsrelatedtocompositescrushanalysistogetherwithmethodologiesforperformingphysics-basedsimulationsatthecouponlevel,phenomenologicalsimulationsatthefu
5、llvehiclelevel,andforapplyingthetwolevelsofmodelingtogether.Adiscussionofthetechnologyisillustratedbyseveralexamples.I.IntroductionompositematerialsareincreasinglyprevalentinmanyindustriesandhavebecomethedominantmaterialinCmanyaerospacevehicles.Today,incontrasttotheirearlierdays,compositemateri
6、alsareusedincriticalloadbearingandenergyabsorbingstructuralcomponents.Therearemanywell-knownbenefitstousingcomposites,buttherearealsosomechallenges.Oneofthemostsignificantdesigndifficultiesistheabilitytoreliablysimulatehowthecompositepartwillperformduringanimpacteventduetothevariouscomplexfailu
7、remodesthatcompositeshave.Numerouspapersdescribethesefailuremodesanddiscusssimulationmethodologiesandtechnologiesforanalyzingthem.The“crushing”ofacompositeasaresultofimpactmaycausesimultaneousmatrixfailure,fiberbreakage,anddelamin
