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1、Quantumneuralnetworks12AlexandrA.EzhovandDanVentura1DepartmentofMathematics,TroitskInstituteofInnovationandFusionResearch142092Troitsk,MoscowRegion,Russia2AppliedResearchLaboratory,ThePennsylvaniaStateUniversityUniversityPark,PA16802-5018USAAbstract.Thischapt
2、eroutlinestheresearch,developmentandperspectivesofquantumneuralnetworks–aburgeoningnewfieldwhichintegratesclassicalneurocomputingwithquantumcomputation[1].Itisarguedthatthestudyofquantumneuralnetworksmaygiveusbothnewundestandingofbrainfunctionaswellasunpreced
3、entedpossibilitiesincreatingnewsystemsforinformationprocessing,includingsolvingclassicallyintractableproblems,associativememorywithexponentialcapacityandpossiblyovercomingthelimitationsposedbytheChurch-Turingthesis.Keywords.Quantumneuralnetworks,associativeme
4、mory,entanglement,manyuniversesinterpretationWhyquantumneuralnetworks?Therearetwomainreasonstodiscussquantumneuralnetworks.Onehasitsorigininargumentsfortheessentialrolewhichquantumprocessesplayinthelivingbrain.Forexample,RogerPenrosehasarguedthatanewphysicsbi
5、ndingquantumphenomenawithgeneralrelativitycanexplainsuchmentalabilitiesasunderstanding,awarenessandconsciousness[2].However,thisapproachadvocatesthestudyofintracellularstructures,suchasmicrotubulesratherthanthatofthenetworksofneuronsthemselves[3].Asecondmotiv
6、ationisthepossibilitythatthefieldofclassicalartificialneuralnetworkscanbegeneralizedtothequantumdomainbyeclecticcombinationofthatfieldwiththepromisingnewfieldofquantumcomputing[4].Bothconsiderationssuggestnewunderstandingofmindandbrainfunctionaswellasnewunpre
7、cedentedabilitiesininformationprocessing.Hereweconsiderquantumneuralnetworksasthenextnaturalstepintheevolutionofneurocomputingsystems,focusingourattentiononartificialratherthanbiologicalsystems.Weoutlinedifferentapproachestotherealizationofquantumdistributedp
8、rocessingandarguethat,asinthecaseofquantumcomputing[5],Everett’smanyuniversesinterpretationofquantummechanics[6]canbeusedasageneralframeworkforproducingquantumanalogsofwell-knownclassical
