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1、主谓一致用法归纳主谓一致用法归纳主谓一致用法三原则:•语法一致原则•概念一致原则•就近一致原则主谓一致是指句子的谓语动词和主语在人称和数上应保持一致,它主要有三个原则:一、语法一致原则主语是单数时,谓语用单数;主语是复数时,谓语用复数。但注意以下几点:1、凡以-ies结尾表示学科名称的名词,如politics,physics,mathematics等作主语,谓语动词用单数。Mathematicsisascience.数学是一门科学。Politicsistaughtinmiddleschool.中学里教政治。2、以“s”结尾表
2、示单数概念的国名、人名、书名、组织机构等专有名词作主语时,谓语动词用单数。TheUnitedStatesliesinNorthAmerica.TheUnitedNationswasfoundedin1945.3、以“s”结尾表示单数意义的名词news,means,works等作主语时,谓语动词用单数。Everymeanshasbeendonetopreventtheairfrombeingpolluted.Achemicalworksisbeingbuiltnow.4、表示时间、金钱、距离、重量的复数名词表示单位数量用作
3、主语时,谓语动词用单数。Sixtyyearsisalongtime.Tendollarsisenoughforhim.Threethousandmilesisalongdistance.Fiftykilosisnottooheavytobecarries.注意:如果强调过了多少日,谓语动词用复数。如:FiftyyearshavepassedsincethefoundingofthePeople’sRepublicofChina.自中华人民共和国诞生以来,已走过了50年。5、主语后面如果有aswellas,besides
4、,except,but,like,with,nolessthan,including,asmuchas,ratherthan等引导的短语时,谓语动词与主语保持一致。Theteacherasmuchastheparentsistoblame.Mybrother,togetherwithMikeandTom,isgone.Nobodybutstudentswashere.6、由any-every-some-no-构成的复合不定代词都当作单数看。Someoneisaskingyouonthephone.Somethingis
5、wrongwithmywatch.但它们的反意疑问句的附加问句用单复数均可。如:EveryonewaswatchingTV,wasn’the?EveryonewaswatchingTV,weren’tthey?都在看电视,是吗?7、被each和every限定的主语,谓语动词用单数。但each作复数主语的同位语时,谓语动词用复数。Every/Eachstudenthasadictionary.Theboyseachhaveadictionary.8、结构every…andevery…,each…andeach…,no…and
6、no…(后跟单数或不可数名词)等分别作主语时,谓语动词用单数。Eachboyandeachgirlhasbeeninvitedtotheparty.Everyhourandeveryminuteisimportant.Nobusandnotruckwasseenatthattime.9、在算术运算中,谓语动词用单复数均可。Nineminusfouris/arefive.Twotimesfiftyis/areonehundred.10、morethanone作主语或主语的定语时,尽管意义上是“不止一个”,但语法上的主语是
7、单数,谓语用单数;manya/an表示“许多”,但谓语动词用单数;oneandahalf作定语时,后面名词用复数,可谓语动词用单数。Oneortwo+复数名词作主语时,谓语动词用复数。Manyamanhastrieditbefore.Morethanonehastoldmeso.Morethanoneboyhasbeenthere.Oneandahalfappleshasbeenleftonit.ThereareoneortwothingsIwanttotalkoverwithyou.11、动词不定式、动名词及从句作
8、主语时,谓语动词用单数。Toobeylawsiseverybody’sduty.Readingaloudisveryimportantinlearning.Whyhediditwasnotclear.注意:who,what,which以及what,who引导的主语从句作主语时,谓语动词