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时间:2020-11-25
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1、定语从句讲解(包含各种特殊情况对比,题目都是易错题)1)定语从句的基本概念:定语从句是用来修饰名词或代词的从句,起形容词作用,也称为形容词性从句。被定语从句修饰的词叫先行词,定语从句一般紧跟先行词。定语从句一般用关系代词或关系副词引导,关系词在定语从句中充当一个成分,并在含义上替代先行词。Themanismycousin.Hecametoseemethismorning.替换:Themanwhocametoseemethismorningismycousin.先行词关系代词在定语中做主语,不可省略↖定语从句2)关系词:①关
2、系代词(指人/指物/表所有格);A.指人的关系代词:who,做主语或宾语;whom,只做宾语;that,做主语或宾语(但指代人称并充当从句主语时,通常用who)Heisastudent.Weshouldlearnfromhim.替换:Heisastudent(who,whom,that)weshouldlearnfrom.关系代词充当从句主语时,不能省略,充当宾语时,可以省略。B.指物的关系代词:which,做主语或宾语;that,做主要或宾语;Hesentmeapresentlastnight.Thepresentisa
3、micewatch.替换:Thepresent(which,that)hesentmelastnightisanicewatch.关系代词充当从句主语时,不能省略,充当宾语时,可以省略。C.表所有格的关系代替:指某人的或某物的:whose,做先行词的所有格Isthereanyone?HernameisLinda.替换:IsthereanyonewhosenameisLinda?②关系副词(时间/地点/原因)。A.where指地点,充当地点状语Thisistheplace.Wespentourchildhoodinthatp
4、lace.替换:Thisistheplace(which/that)wespendourchildhoodin.Thisistheplaceinwhichwespentourchildhood.Thisistheplacewherewespentourchildhood.B.when指时间,充当时间状语He’llalwaysremembertheday.Hisgrandmapassedawayonthatday.替换:He’llalwaysremembertheday(which/that)hisgrandmapassed
5、awayon.He’llalwaysrememberthedayonwhichhisgrandmapassedaway.He’llalwaysrememberthedaywhenhisgrandmapassedaway.C.why指原因,充当原因状语Thisisthereason.Theywerelateforthemeetingbecauseofthereason.替换:Thisisthereasonwhytheywerelateforthemeeting.③准关系代词assuch……as引导定语从句……,so/such
6、……that……如此……以致于……引导结果状语从句thesame……as(相似物)/that(同一物)……ThisisthesamebagasIlostyesterday.(相似物)ThisisthesamebagthatIlostyesterday.(同一物)as……as…….Suchpeopleaswerementionedbyhimwerehonest.(as在定语从句中做主语)I’veneverseensuchaclevermanasheis.(as在定语从句中做表语)Ilikethesamebookasyoudo
7、.(as在定语从句中做宾语)Ishalldoitinthesamewayasyoudid.(as在定语从句中做状语)Heisasdiligentamanaseverlived.(as在定语从句中做主语)先行词是一句话或一句话的一部分时,关系代词可用which或as,但which不能放句首,as可放在句首,句中,句末,有“正如”的意思Asisknowntoall,heisthebeststudentinourclass.(as在定语从句中做主语)Hecamelateagain,whichmadehisteacherverya
8、ngry.3)限定性与非限定性定语从句A)限制性定语从句:是用来限制所修饰对象的意义,不能被拿掉,如果拿掉,余下的部分的意义就会不清楚;Themanwhospokeattheparents’meetingjustnowisJohn’sfather.B)非限制性定语从句:是对所修饰的词作进一步说明,仅起补
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