专四语法讲解(虚拟语气) (1)

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1、虚拟语气语气及其种类语气是动词的一种变化形式，表达说话人对所述内容的看法与态度。语气有三种：（1）陈述语气(indicativemood)陈述语气用来表示一般叙述，可表示肯定、否定和疑问。eg.Matterexpandswhenitisheated.Whatdoyouwant?（2）祈使语气(imperativemood)祈使语气用来表示请求、命令和劝告等。eg.Don’tbelate.Bequiet!Let’shaveabreak.（3）虚拟语气(subjunctivemood)虚拟语气是一组特别的动词形式，用来表示要求

2、、建议、命令、意愿和假设等。eg.Iftherewerenoair,alllivingthingswoulddie.Itisvitalthatshebewarnedbeforeitistoolate.1.虚拟条件句1.形式虚拟条件句包括与现在事实相反的虚拟条件句和与过去事实相反的虚拟条件句，以及将来实现可能性很小或根本不可能实现的虚拟条件句。(1)掌握主从句谓语动词的规范搭配:主句从句与现在事实相反would/情态动词过去式+dowere(不分人称)/did与过去事实相反would/情态动词过去式+havedonehadd

3、one与将来事实相反would/情态动词过去式+doshoulddo/weretodoeg.IfIwereyou,Iwouldnotgothere.IfIhadtime,Iwoulddoitagain.IfIhadknownofyourarrival,Ishouldhavemetyouatthestation.Ifshehadfurtherconsideredtheproblem,shemighthavecometothecorrectconclusion.真题举例：1.Allofuswouldhaveenjoyedthe

4、partymuchmoreifthere_____quitesuchacrowdpeoplethere.（00,49）A.weren’t B.hasn’tbeenC.hadn’tbeen    D. wouldn’tbe[C]2.Ifyourcar_____duringthefirst12months,takeittoanauthorizeddealer.（98,43）A.shallneedB.shouldneedC.wouldneedD.willneed[B]3.Iftherewerenosubjunctivemood,

5、English_____mucheasiertolearn.(09,52)A.couldhavebeenB.wouldbeC.willbeD.wouldhavebeen[B]4._____forthefactthatshebrokeherleg,shemighthavepassedtheexam.(02,60）A.HaditnotbeenB.Hadn’titbeenC.WasitnotD.Wereitnot[A]5.Ifyouexplainedthesituationtoyoursolicitor,he_____ablet

6、oadviseyoumuchbetterthanIcan.(05,51)A.wouldbeB.willhavebeenC.wasD.were[A]6.Iwastohavemadeaspeechif_____.(97,51)A.IwasnotcalledawayB.nobodywouldhavecalledmeawayC.IhadnotbeencalledawayD.nobodycalledmeaway[C](2)区分主从句表示的不同时间概念：主从句谓语动词所指时间不同，这叫做错综时间条件句，动词形式应根据实际情况来调整。

7、如：Haditnotbeenforthetimelyinvestmentfromthegeneralpublic,ourcompanywouldnotbesothrivingasitis.(主句与现在事实相反，从句与过去事实相反)HadPaulreceivedsixmorevotesinthelastelection,hewouldbeourchairmannow.(主句与现在事实相反，从句与过去事实相反)真题举例：1.HadJudybeenmorecarefulonthemathsexam,she_____muchbet

8、terresultsnow.(08,52)A.wouldbegettingB.couldhavegotC.mustgetD.wouldget[D]2._____ifIhadarrivedyesterdaywithoutlettingyouknowbeforehand?(04,54)A.Wouldyoub