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1、英语的构词：转化、派生与合成..3.Thecrowemptiedabottleofwater.(emptyadj.→v.)4.Thegirlinblueismydaughter.(blueadj.→n.)(二)派生是由词根加词缀组成的新词。其中词缀有前缀、后缀两种。1.前缀post-(1)表示“在后面”postwara.战后的postponev.推迟postgraduatea.大学毕业的posteriora.较晚的postscriptn.附言,后记postagen.邮资postofficen.邮局post
2、cardn.明信片postala.邮政的postern.海报,招贴画(2)表示“邮件,邮政”2.前缀sub-(1)表示“在下面,次一等,副手”subtitlen.副标题subsidev.下陷,平息(2)表示“接近,靠近”subcentrala.接近中心的subadulta.接近成年的subacida.略酸的3.前缀over-(1)表示“过度,过分”overstudyn.用功过度overworkn.过度劳累overdosen.用药过量(2)表示“在……之上”overlookv.俯视,疏忽overlapv./
3、n.重叠overwhelmv.压倒,泛滥(3)表示“翻转”overturnn.颠覆overthrown.推翻overhauln.彻底检修4.前缀up-表示“向上,在上”upward,uphold,uphill5.前缀under-表示“在……下面,下面的”underline,underground,underwater6.后缀-fy表示“使……化,使……成”beautify,purify,signify,simplify7.后缀-dom表示“等级,领域,状态”kingdom,freedom,wisdom(三
4、)合成是两个或两个以上的词合成一个词。1.lifelong,worldwide,exam-oriented,new-born,well-known,three-legged,heartbroken,easygoing,soft-spoken,narrow-minded,seasick...(adj.)2.weekend,railway,playground,greenhouse,passer-by,brother-in-law,grown-up,breakdown...3.half-hibernate,a
5、ir-drop...4.myself,anyone,somebody...(n.)(v.)(pron.)Exercises1.Thatmanwas_______enoughnottotellthemanagerthathewouldnotdothejob.A.care B.carefulC.careless D.carelessnessB2.Thesoldierdiedforsavingthechild,sohis________isheavierthanMountTai.A.die B.
6、deadC.died D.deathD5.Thethree-________chairisn’tsuitableforayoungchild.Hemayfalloff.A.leggy B.leggedC.legs D.leged4.Heisanexpertatchemistry.Weallcallhima________.A.chemistry B.chemicalC.chemist D.physicianBC有……腿的腿长的6.Stephensonbecameth
7、e________railwayengineerintheworld.A.lead B.leaderC.leading D.leadershipC7.Whentheteacherpraisedhimforworkingoutthemathsproblem,Jacklooked_______aboutathisclassmates.A.proud B.proudlyC.pride D.pridelyB8.Toeveryone’s________，thegirlfinishedthejob
8、quitewell.A.satisfied B.satisfactoryC.satisfying D.satisfactionD9.—Whatareyoudoinghere?—Oh,myteacheraskedmetowriteapassageabout________inEnglish. —Youcanwrite________passageinEnglish?A.600words；a600-word
