英美概况英国教育教学提纲.ppt

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1、英美概况英国教育HistoryofBritishEducationEarlyFormsofEducationModernSystemofEducationRecentChangesBritisheducation,intheearlyperiod,wascloselyrelatedtoreligion.Mostschoolswererunbychurchesandmonasteriestoeducatescholars,civilservantsandpeoplewholikelytotakeuppastoral(牧师的)services.Latinwasbroughttotheforefro

2、ntofeducationinthemiddleagesduetothecloseassociationbetweeneducationandreligion.EarlyFormsofEducationThreekindsofschoolscouldbeenfoundintheearlyperiod.Latingrammarschools----enrollmalestudentsfromrichfamilies;Smallparish(教区)schoolsandsongschools----providedinformaleducationtostudentsofpoorfamilies;P

3、ublicschools----privatelyendowedboardingschoolswiththeaimofproducingelites.EarlyFormsofEducationModernSystemofEducationTherevolutionofindustry,politicsandsociallifein19thcenturywitnessedthestartofrealmoderneducation.The1870Foster’sElementaryEducationActbroughtelementaryeducationtoeverychildandSchool

4、Boardswereestablishedtobuildmoreschoolsnationwide.Intheendthe19th,elementaryeducationbecamefree.ModernSystemofEducationEducationAct1944broughtthefreesecondaryeducationtoallchildrenbytheintroductionoftheTripartiteSystem(三部分系统).Under11-plusexaminationstudentsofallsocialclasseswereencouragedtoattendthe

5、stated-fundedsecondarygrammar,technicalormodernschools.Thesecondaryschoolspreparedcandidatesforuniversities,andtechnicalormodernschoolstrainedtechniciansandmanualworkers.ModernSystemofEducationThecomprehensiveschoolsanddirectgrantschoolsmettheneedsofthepublicforequalchancesineducationtopreventstuden

6、tsfromstreamingintostrandstooearlybyallottingadirectgrantfromtheministryofeducationtoindependentschools.Theagestudentsleavingschoolwasfurtherraised,andmoreandgirlsandworkingclasspupilsreceivedawiderchanceofattendinghighereducation.RecentChangesEducationReformAct1988:Theintroductionofanationalcurricu

7、lumforpupilsaged5-16,directingtheresponsibilityofdecidingwhattoteachfromindividualteacherstothecentralgovernment;Theestablishmentofcompulsorynationaltests,publishingtheresultsannuallytoallowschoolstoc