地信专业英语ppt课件.ppt

《地信专业英语ppt课件.ppt》由会员上传分享，免费在线阅读，更多相关内容在教育资源-天天文库。

1、ProfessionalEnglishforGeographicalInformationSystem1PartⅠTheBasicConceptofGIS1.WhatisGIS?(L.1)2.WhatkindsoffunctionsdoesaGIShave?(L.2)2PartⅠ——1.WhatisGIS?Geographic(/,dʒi:ə'ɡræfik/)informationsystem——UnitedStatesGeographical(/,dʒi:ə'ɡræfikl/)informationsystem——EuropeanGeomatique(地理信息技

2、术)——Canada3PeopleHardwareSoftwareDataMethodsGISFigureComponentsofGIS4PartⅠ——1.WhatisGIS?TheGIShasfoursubsystems:1）Adatainputsubsystemthatcollectsandpreprocessesspatialdatafromvarioussources.2）Adatastorageandretrieval(/ri’tri:vəl/)subsystemthatorganizesthespatialdatainamannerthatallows

3、retrieval,updating,andediting.5PartⅠ——1.WhatisGIS?TheGIShasfoursubsystems:1）Adatainputsubsystem2）Adatastorageandretrievalsubsystem3）Adatamanipulation(/mə,nipju’leʃən/)andanalysissubsystemthatperformstasksonthedata,aggregates(合并/’æɡriɡit/)anddisaggregates,estimatesparametersandconstrai

4、nts(约束条件/kən’streint/),andperformsmodelingfunctions(函数).4）Areportingsubsystemthatdisplaysallorpartofthedatabaseintabular,graphic,ormapform.6PartⅠ——2.WhatkindsoffunctionsdoesaGIShave?1）DatainputsubsystemInput:“encoded”(points,lines,areas)intothecomputerfromacollectedsource.Sources:Aeri

5、al(/’ɛriəl/)photography——航空照片，航空摄影Digitalremotesensing——数字遥感Surveying——测量Digitallinegraph(/ɡræf/)(DLG)——数字线划地图(矢量)Digitalelevation(/٫elə’veiʃən/)models(DEM)——数字高程模型Digitalorthophoto/‘ɔ:θəu/map(DOM)——数字正射影像Visualdescriptions——视觉描述Statisticaldata——统计数据7PartⅠ——2.Whatkindsoffunctionsdoesa

6、GIShave?2）DatastorageandretrievalsubsystemPoints,lines,areasarestoredasgridcellsorcoordinate(/kəu'ɔ:dineit/)pairsandpointersincomputer.Attributetablesareassociatedwithcoordinatepairs.Retrievalrequiresefficientcomputersearchtechniques.8PartⅠ——2.WhatkindsoffunctionsdoesaGIShave?3）Datama

7、nipulationandanalysissubsystem——theheartoftheGISUsesthepowerofthecomputertomeasure,compare,anddescribecontentsofthedatabase.Allowsreadyaccesstotherawdataandallowsaggregationandreclassificationforfurtheranalysis.9PartⅠ——2.WhatkindsoffunctionsdoesaGIShave?4）ReportingandoutputsubsystemTh

8、emapi