初中动词不定式ppt课件.ppt

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1、初中动词不定式和动名词的用法授课人张杰动词不定式的用法动词不定式的基本形式及其否定形式1.基本形式为to+动词原形（eg：towork），有时省略符号to（eg：work）2.否定形式为not/never+动词不定式动词不定式的功用1.作主语2.作表语3.作宾语4.作定语5.作状语6.作补语7.作独立成分作主语1.Tolearnaforeignlanguageisnoteasy.2.Toseeistobelieve.3.It’snoteasytolearnaforeignlanguage.4.It’syourturntocleant

2、heroom.5.Ittookthemfourdaystoarrivethere.作表语1.ThebestwaytoimproveyourEnglishistojoinanEnglishclub.2.Mywishistobeasinger.3.Thefirstthingistogreettheteacher.作宾语(1)1.Annwantstogetherearspierced.2.Hepreferstoeatwhitebreadandrice.3.I’dlovetovisitMexico.只能带动词不定式不能带动名词作宾语的动词

3、aim旨在agree同意offer提出plan打算ask要求promise答应help帮忙prepare准备decide决定refuse拒绝dare敢于choose选择wish想要hope希望expect期望预计fail没有pretend假装seem似乎learn学会manage设法做成afford担负得起wouldlike/love想要作宾语（2）1.Ifinditdifficulttoremembereverything.2.HefeelsitfrustratingtowatchEnglish-languageTV.3.Weth

4、inkitagoodideatogohiking.注：动词feel,find,make,think等后面，可以用it作形式宾语,真正的宾语动词不定式放在形容词或名词后面，句子结构是：主语+feel/find/make/think+it+adj./n.+todo...。作宾语（3）1.Weareverygladtoseeyou.2.I’msorrytohearthat.3.Theyaresuretocome.注：有些表示思想感情的形容词（包括已变成形容词的分词）后面可接动词不定式，这种不定式也可叫做宾语。如：excited，able,

5、afraid,anxious,careful,free,lucky,ready,willing等。作定语1.Hewasthefirstonetoarrive.2.Idon'thaveapartnertopracticeEnglishwith.3.Doyouhaveanythingtosay?作状语1.Westayedtheretoseewhatwouldhappen.表目的2.IfeelveryluckytohaveLucky。表原因3.I’mtootiredtodowell.表结果4.Heisoldenoughtolookafte

6、rhimself.表结果作补语（宾补）(1)1.Whotoldyoutodothat?2.I’dinvitehertohavedinneratmyhouse.3.Thedriver’scarelessnesscausedtheaccidenttohappen.带to的动词不定式作宾补的动词ask请求force强迫invite邀请train训练order命令want想要direct指导get使beg恳求drive驱使cause导致warn警告lead引导encourage鼓励allow允许hate讨厌like喜欢leave听任need

7、需要teach教require需要prefer更喜欢advise建show演示tell吩咐urge强烈要求wish希望宾补（2）3.Whomadethelittlegirlcry?4.Didyouhearsomeoneenterthehouse?注：用不带to的动词不定式作宾补的动词主要是感官动词和使役动词see,watch，hear,feel，notice，have,let,make。注意help的宾补，不定式也可带to也可不带。helpsb(to)do作补语（主补）1.Teenagersshouldbeallowedtochoo

8、setheirownclothes.2.Thebirdwaslettofly.3.Heismadetoworktenhoursaday.注：(1)省略to的动词不定式作宾补，在变为被动语态的句子后成为主补时，符号to要加上。作独立成分