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1、（指称）阅读段子：thereadingmaterial/thereadingpassage阅读作者：thewriter/authorofthereadingpassage听力段子：thelisteningmaterial/lecture/talk/presentation听力的演讲者：thespeaker/lecturer/professor/instructor转折关系信号词‘但是’but,however,infact,actually,onthecontrary,in/oncontrast‘虽然’although,th
2、ough,while,evenif,evenenough,itistruethat...‘而不是’instead,insteadof否定关系信号词否定副词not,never,hardly,bynomeans否定名词limit/limitation,problem否定动词doubt,challenge,failto否定形容词wrong,false,negative,unconvincing,misleading,groudless,ungronded,unfounded,preposterous,contradictory,
3、notproven,weak,pessimistic因果关系信号词(引入细节）表原因because,since,dueto;thereasonwhy...isbecause表结果so,sothat,asamatteroffact,thus假设关系信号词if,suppose举例关系信号词forexample疑问信号词whatabout...?,why?*关键名词记笔记之两大原则1.只在阅读出现的名词一定不重要2.在阅读和演讲中出现两次和两次以上的名词很重要记什么？？？？？1.数字2.排比结构不记什么？？？？？1.不把专业名词
4、记全，只需记首字母或中文发音2.不记人名3.当听力中出现套磁型，也就是听力中开始讲述故事情节，史诗，发展历程等不可能被驳倒的定势之时，肯定不会考。4.当大量出现数字时，数字不会考，考的是通过数字说明的某个观点。怎么记1.用大写首字母代替关键名词2.用单词的前三四个字母记笔记3.用发音的辅音记笔记4.用汉语记笔记5.用数字和符号记笔记6.同义词记笔记7.听完听力之后，不要停继续记笔记记下听到但未记住的单词将所记的单词扩充为句子记笔记练习三部曲第一步，看着阅读和听力材料寻找要点。3~5篇第二步，先寻找预读材料中的要点，接着边听
5、边记要点，并在需要的时候暂停录音。3~5篇第三步，寻找阅读材料中的要点，边听边记要点，中间不停顿。5~10篇利弊作用模板第一段Thelisteningmaterialaswellasthereadingpassagefocuseson(TOPIC).Butanidentical（相同的）topicdoesnotguaranteesimilarresponse.(TOPIC)ishailed（欢呼）by.......butreviled（斥责）by...(省略处根据听力材料，填选theauthor和theinstructor
6、）第二段Forastart,thelecturerholdsthat.....,whichevidentlycontradictstheperspectiveandperception（opinion）inthereadingpassage.第三段Further,eventhoughthereadingmaterialindicatesthat....,thespeakermountsarebuttalagainst（disagreeswith）theauthorbysayingthat...第四段Finally,thep
7、rofessorinthelisteningmaterialmaintains（认为）that.....Bycontrast,thewriterclaimsthat...辐射食品范文Thelisteningmaterialaswellasthereadingpassagefocusesonfoodirradiation.Butanidenticaltopicdoesnotguaranteesimilarresponses.Foodirradiationishailedbytheauthor,butreviledbythei
8、nstructor.Forastart,thelecturerholdsthatfoodirradiationfailstoimprovefoodsecurity,whichevidentlycontradictstheperspectiveandperceptioninthereadingpassag
