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1、第四讲语法知识第二部分：语法知识第一章：句子成分(P99)主语、谓语、宾语、表语定语、状语、补语、同位语练习：请找出下列句子的主语。1.TheboycomesfromAmerica.2.Heusuallywenttoschoolalone.3.StudyingEnglishisveryimportant.4.Toteachhimalessonseemsquitenecessary.5.Thathewontheprizeexcitedeveryone.什么人或什么事,一般位于句首主语名词主格代词(I、she等)不定式动名词主语从句6.Itisimportantforustohaveourdrea
2、ms.7.Itisobviousthathewaswrong.8.Itisnousecryingoverspiltmilk.it作形式主语,真正主语在后面动名词短语不定式主语从句主语一般是名词、、、还有。另外，当句子的主语为___________、__________或__________时,主语部分太长,为使句子平衡,避免头重脚轻,常用it作形式主语。主格代词(I、she等)不定式动名词主语从句动名词短语不定式短语主语从句归纳动词或动词短语作谓语,说明主语的动作(即主语做了什么事)、状态或特征,位于主语的后面,即“主语+谓语”。动词:动词、动词、动词和动词。形式:原形do/does、过去式d
3、id、现在分词doing、过去分词done谓语实义连系情态助【注意】谓语与主语在人称与数方面要保持一致。1.Hisparentsareteachers.2.Thesunrisesintheeast.3.Wehavefinishedreadingthebook.4.Yououghttoworkharder.5.Ifeltcold.6.Hedoesn’tlikemusic.找谓语位于动词后。即“主语+谓语+宾语”名词、宾格代词(me)、名词短语或从句。宾语Hehasnevermetherinperson.Shehandedhimabook.Helikestoplaybasketball.Weenj
4、oylisteningtomusic.Shesaidthatshefeltsick.Theysenttheinjuredtohospital.找宾语7.Ifinditimpossibletobelieveheranylonger.8.Weconsideritnogoodgettinguplate.9.Theybelieveditstrangethatheshouldhavedonethat.it作形式宾语,真正宾语在后面V+todosth.V+doingsth.V+todosth.want,hope,wish,agree,promise,refuse,help,determine,fail,m
5、anage,offer,prepare,pretend,ask,choose,expectIhopetohelpyou(to)choosetoaskmetobetterprepareyourselvesforthefutureifyouwanttopretendtorefuseorfailtomanagetodetermine.Iwish,Iexpect,youpromisetomakeit.V+doingsth.admit,avoid,consider,delay,enjoy,excuse,finish,deny,allow,escape,forgive,imagine,mind,keep,
6、miss,practice,prevent,risk,suggest,appreciate,can’thelp,putoff,giveup(1)Shedeniedmakingamistake.(2)You’dbetterputoffhavingthemeeting.(Cagemakephraseafraid)Homework预习P3【写作导与练】P6【写作导与练】ThankYou!1我们爱科学。2我们过着幸福的生活。3他想看那部电影。4他知道下一步做什么。5我的手表需要修理了基本句型一:主+谓+宾Welovescience.Weliveahappylife.Hewantstowatchthef
7、ilm.Heknowswhattodonext.Mywatchneedstoberepaired.作表语:名词、形容词、介词短语、从句基本句型二:主+系+表系动词1.系动词be(am/is/are，was/were)2.感官动词look,sound,taste,smell,feel,seem,appear3.变化动词become,get,turn,grow,come,go,fall,run4.持续
