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AdverbialClause 状语从句的种类状语从句主要用来修饰主句或主句的谓语。一般可分为九大类，分别表示时间、地点、原因、目的、结果、条件、让步、比较、方式。 时间状语从句关联词as/when/while;after;before;since;till/untilwhenever;nosooner…than/hardly…when副词immediately;名词短语themoment;theminute;thesecond;each(every)time;theday(year);nexttime;thefirst(second/last)time;bythetime条件状语从句if;unless;as(so)longas;原因状语从句because;as;since;now(that)结果状语从句so(such)…that….目的状语从句sothat;inorderthat;让步状语从句though;although;as;however;nomatter….;疑问词+ever；比较状语从句than;as(so)….as;themore….themore地点状语从句wherewherever总结、状语从句常见引导词 一、时间状语从句名词：after,as,before,once,since,till,nottill,assoonas,when,whenever,nomatterwhen,while,aslongas,nosooner...than...,hardly/scarcely/barely...when副词：immediately,directly,instantly名词短语：themoment,theminute,theinstant,thesecond,everytime,etc介词短语：bythetime,etc when，while，as的区别：①三者均可表示“当……的时候”，如果主句表示的是短暂的动作，而从句表示的是一段时间，三者可通用。②as和when都可与终止性动词连用，while只能与延续性动词连用。如：Itwassnowing____wegottotheairport．当我们到达机场时，天正下着雪。（不能用while）③as强调主句与从句表示的动作同时发生；while强调主句表示的动作持续于while所指的整个时间内；when可指主、从句所述动作同时或先后发生。如：Hesangashewentalong．他边走边唱。Pleasewrite____Iread．我读的时候，请写下来。____hereachedhome，hehadalittlerest．回到家后，他休息了一会儿。 hardly/scarcely/barely…when,nosooner…than表示“一……就”,放在句首需用倒装句Wehadhardlygot/Hardlyhadwegotintothecountrywhenitbegantorain.Nosoonerhadhearrived/Hehadnosoonerarrivedthanshestartedtill/until引导的时间状语从句从句位于句首时，只能用until强调句型中多用untilItwasnotuntilthemeetingwasoverthathemadeacalltohiswife.PleasewaituntilIfinishedthebook. 二、条件状语从句由连接词if或unless引导的状语从句叫做条件状语从句。常用引导词：if,unlessif,unless特殊引导词:aslongas(除非;只要)，ifonly（但愿......就好了），onlyif（只要），onconditionthat(条件是)，incasethat(万一),provided/providingthat（假如）,suppose/supposingthat（假如）,onconditionthat（条件是）,intheeventthat（倘若）E.g.Solongasyou'rehappy,itdoesn'tmatterwhatyoudo.Youmayborrowmybookaslongasyoukeepitclean.Takeyourumbrellaincaseitrains. 非真实条件句是虚拟语气的一种的一种,表示与事实相反不可实现的条件或根本不可能存在的条件,也就是一种虚拟的条件或假设,从句多用一般过去时或过去完成时。 如:IfIwereyou,IwouldinvitehimIwouldhavearrivedmuchearlierifIhadnotbeencaughtinthetrafficIfIwereyou,Iwouldgowithhim.If引导词用法if引导的条件句有:真实条件句和非真实条件句两种:真实条件句:表示在某种条件下某事很可能发生。Ifyouaskhim,hewillhelpyou.Ifyoufailintheexam,youwilllethimdown.Ifitrainstomorrow,wewon'tgoonapicnic. unless=if...notYouwillfailtoarrivethereintimeunlessyoustartearlier.Ifyoudon'tstartearlier,youwillfailtoarrivethereintime.Unlessitrains,thegamewillbeplayed.Ifitdosen'train,thegamewillbeplayed. 三、原因状语从句because,as,since,for,nowthat,inthat,seeingthatconsideringthat和ontheground(s)that这六个连词都用于表示表示原因,because：因为.直接而明确的原因，语气最强，通常从句放在主句后.why提问的句子，一般都because回答。since:既然.表对方已知的事实或理由，常放在句首。as：因为.语气比because轻，引导从句可放主句前也可放主句后。nowthat意思与since相似，表示“既然”。for:因为.但是并列连词，它连接的不是状语句，语气比较强。表示推断的理由，只能后置。 Hesaidthathecouldn’tworkbecausethecomputerwasoutoforder.Asheishonestandmodest,allhisfriendslikehim.Sinceeverybodyhascome,wecansetoff.Nowthatyouarehere,youcanjoinus.Itmustbemorning,forthebirdsaresinging.在强调句中强调原因状语从句.只能用because引导，不可用as或sinceItwasbecausehewasillthathedidn’tgowithus.because可以引导表语从句,而as,since不可以，这时主语一般都是it,this,thatIt’sbecauseheistoolazy. consideringthat---顾及到Consideringthattheyarejustbeginners,theyaredoingquiteagoodjob.seeingthat---由于Seeing(that)quiteafewpeoplewereabsent,wedecidedtoputthemeetingoff. notbecause...否定because引导的从句Shedidn'tmarryyoubecauseyouhadmoney.Themountainisnotfamousbecauseitishigh. 四、让步状语从句引导词though/althought/while,as,evenif/though,however,whatever,nomatterhow/what/when,whether…or,grantedthat,forallthat,inspiteofthefactthat,regardlessofthefactthatDespite/inspiteof/forall+名词结构 2.nomatter+wh引导让步状语从句，表示“无论，不管”，相当于wh+everDon’ttrusthim,nomatterwhat(whatever)hesays.I’lleatwhatever(*nomatterwhat)yougiveme.(whatever引导宾语从句等名词性从句时不能互换）3.while引导让步状语从句时，只能放在句首，意义上相当于although 五、地点状语从句引导词：where,wherever,everywhere,anywhere,etcTheywillgowheretheyarehappy.Whereverhewent,hewaswarmlywelcome.Where引导的地点状语从句兼有抽象条件含义，可放在主句的前面。Wherethereisawill,thereisaway.Wherethereiswater,thereislife. 六、比较状语从句引导词：as...as,thesameas,such...as,than,whatas和than连接的比较状语从句常常省略同主句相同的部分，只留下相对比的部分；也常常用替代词do或者其他助动词或者情态动词的某种形式代替与主句相同的谓语部分。AsAistoB，soCistoD=CistoDas/whatAistoB.Readingistothemindwhatfoodistothebody.Asyoutreatyourfriends,sotreatyourbook. 七、方式状语从句可由下列引导词引导：as,asif,asthough,theway,howSheclosedhereyesasthoughsheweretired.Doittheway(that)youweretold. 八、目的状语从句引导词：sothat,inorderthat,incase,lest,forfearthatIstudyhard,sothatImaynotfallintheexam.Writethetelephonenumberdownincaseyouforget. 九、结果状语从句1.so/such…thatSo+形容词+thatSo+形容词+a/an+单数名词+that从句So+形容词+复数名词+that从句So+形容词+不可数名词+that从句So+a/an+形容词+单数名词+that从句2.so/suchthat引导结果状语从句时的意思是“结果，所以”Shesatbehindme,sothatIcouldnotseetheexpressiononherface. 1.______youdecidetotakeup,youshouldtrytomakeitasuccess.A.IfB.WheneverC.UnlessD.Whatever 2.Itisfoolishtotakeataxiyoucaneasilywalktothestation.A.beforeB.thatC.unlessD.when 3.I’llacceptanyjob,_____Idon’thavetogetupearly.A.eventhoughB.thoughC.incaseD.aslongas 4.___________problemsyouhave,youcanalwayscometomeforhelp.A.WhatB.WhateverC.WhicheverD.Which 5.______muchadviceIgavehim,hedidexactlywhathewantedtodo.A.HowB.WhateverC.HoweverD.Nomatter 6.----DidyouremembertogiveMarythemoneyyouowedher?----Yes.Igaveittoher______Isawher.A.whileB.themomentC.suddenlyD.once 7.Ifweworkwithastrongwill,wecanovercomeanydifficulty,_______greatitis.A.whatB.howC.howeverD.whatever 8.Ihurried_____Iwouldn’tbelateforclass.A.sinceB.sothatC.asifD.unless 9.Johnplaysfootball_____,ifnotbetterthan,David.A.aswellB.aswellasC.sowellD.sowellas 10.--Whatwasthepartylike?--Wonderful.It’syears____Ienjoyedmyselfsomuch.A.afterB.whenC.beforeD.since 11.Don’tchangeyourmind,______happenstoyou.A.whichB.whatC.whicheverD.whatever 12.___________hecomes,wewon’tbeabletogo.A.WithoutB.UnlessC.ExceptD.Even 13.Nobodybelievedhim____________whathesaid.A.eventhoughB.evenifC.nomatterD.because 14.IwaswatchingTV_______suddenlythelightswentout.A.whenB.whileC.asD.for 15.Takeyourumbrellawithyou____________itrains.A.ifB.asifC.incaseD.aslongas 16.Nosooner_______enteredtheoffice_______Iheardthetelephoneringing.A.hadI,whenB.Ihad,thanC.hadI,thanD.Ihad,when 17.Ihadhardlyarrived_____hestartedcryingtogohome.A.asB.forC.whenD.until 18.Itwon’tbelong________youregretwhatyousaid.A.sinceB.whenC.beforeD.till 19.Thenewsecretaryissupposedtoreporttothemanagerassoonasshe______.A.willarriveB.arrivesC.isgoingtoarriveD.isarriving 20.______thedaywenton,theweathergotworse.A.WithB.SinceC.WhileD.As
