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1、句型转换与翻译技巧2015年3月宁城县第三中学薛岩1l句型转换基本句式转换同义句转换1.肯定句、否定句和一般疑问句的转换（1）含有be动词（am,is,are,was,were)、行为动词(do,does,did)和情态动词(can,could,should,will,would,may,might)及含有have/has+p.p的句子；肯定句改为否定句：直接在be动词、助动词、情态动词后面加not肯定句改为一般疑问句时，一律将be动词、助动词和情态动前移到句首（首字母大写）肯定回答用“Yes”；否定回答用“No”。“Yes”或
2、“No”后面的主语必须用代词，“No”后面必须用否定缩略式。牛刀小试改为否定句TherearesomepayphonesonthatstreetTherearen’tanypayphonesonthatstreet.Tonywilltravelaroundtheworld.Tonywon’ttravelaroundtheworld.HecancookChinesefood.Hecan’tcookChinesefood.Theyhavelearnedallthesubjects.Theyhaven’tlearnedallthesu
3、bjects.改为一般疑问句，并作肯定、否定回答1.Thereisahotelnexttomyschool.Isthereahotelnexttoyourschool?Yes,thereis.No,thereisn’t.2.BridgeStreetisagoodplacetohavefun.IsBridgeStreetagoodplacetohavefun?Yes,itis.No,itisn’t.3.Wearecleaningtheroomnow.Areyoucleaningtheroomnow?Yes,weare.No,wea
4、ren’t.句型转换（2）只含有行为动词的句子必须借助助动词do；does；did;改为否定句时，直接在行为动词后面加don’t（一般现在时态，主语是除第三人称单数之外的人称和数时），doesn’t(一般现在时态，主语是第三人称单数时），didn’t（一般过去时态）改为一般疑问句时，在句首加Do,Does或Did。肯定回答用“Yes”，后面动词用do；does或did”；否定回答用“No”，后面动词用don't；doesn't；didn't。6改为否定句1.MaryoftenplayssportsafterdinnerMaryd
5、oesn’tplaysportsafterdinner2.Aliceattendsthelectureonceaweek.Alicedoesn’tattendlectureonceaweek3.MikedrewapictureontheblackboardMikedidn’tdrawapictureontheblackboard.改为一般疑问句1.Thechildrenlikeplayinggames.Dothechildrenlikeplayinggames?2.Maryusuallygoestoschoolonfoot.Do
6、esMaryusuallygotoschoolonfoot?3.TomwenttoLondonyesterday.DidTomgotoLondonyesterday?2.特殊疑问句的转换把句子转换为特殊疑问句，首先要确定划线部分的“疑问词”，人、物、时间、地点、原因、数量等分别用：who；whom；whose；what；when；where；why；how；howmany；howmuch；howoften；howold；howlong等。将相对应的疑问词放在句首，其余部分改为一般疑问句的形式，就是特殊疑问句。改完后要注意检查句首
7、的首字母大写和句尾的标点符号。9练习对划线部分提问1.Theteachershadameetingyesterday.Whendidtheteachershaveameeting?2.ThepostageisthreeYuanandsixJiaoHowmuchisthepostage?3.Theyhelpedtheoldladycleanherhouseonceaweek.Howoftendidtheyhelptheoldladycleanherhouse?4.It’sgoingtobecloudytomorrowHowisit
8、goingtobetomorrow?Whatisitgoingtobeliketomorrow?5.Thestudentsareplantingtreesonthehills.Wherearethestudentsplantingtrees?6.Theywill
