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1、第一单元 AHistoryofTCMTextAAHistoryofTCMThehistoryoftraditionalChinesemedicinecanbetracedthrougharchaeologicalexcavationsextendingbackmillionsofyears.Primitivepeoplespentmostoftheirtimeonbasicsurvival:hunting,locatingandpreparingplantsforfood,buildingshelters,anddefendingthem
2、selves.It'seasytoimaginethatovertime,they'dhavesampledmostofthelocalplantsintheirsearchforfood.Intime,anoralrecordevolvedthatidentifiedthoseplantsthatmadegoodfood,thosethatwereusefulforbuilding,thosethathadaneffectonillness,andthosethatwerepoisonous.Throughtrialanderror,a
3、primitiveformofherbalmedicineanddietarytherapywastakingshapein China.Firealsoplayedacentralroleintheirlivesasasourceofwarmth,fuel,and light.Astheyhuddledaroundfires,itwasonlynaturalthatourancestorswoulddiscoverthehealingpowersofheat.Thosepowerswouldhavebeenespeciallyevide
4、ntforcold,dampailmentssuchas arthritis,forwhichheatprovidesimmediaterelief.Thiswastheoriginoftheartofmoxibustion,thetherapeuticapplicationofheattotreatawidevarietyofconditions.Theseancientpeoplemusthaveexperiencedavarietyofinjuriesduringtheirruggedlives.Anaturalreactionto
5、 pain istoruborpressontheaffectedarea.Thishands-ontherapygraduallyevolvedintoasystemoftherapeuticmanipulation.Peoplediscoveredthatpressingoncertainpointsonthebodyhadwide-rangingeffects.Theybegantousepiecesofsharpenedboneorstonetoenhancethesensation,andacupuncturewasborn.W
6、rittenHistoryofTraditionalChineseMedicineThewrittenhistoryoftraditionalChinesemedicinehasevolvedmostlyoverthelast3,000years.ArchaeologicaldigsfromtheShangDynasty(1,000b.c.)haverevealedmedicalwritingsinscribedondivinationbones:earlyshamans,mostly women,usedscapulabonestope
7、rformdivinationrites;latertheseboneswerealsousedforwriting.Thediscoveryin1973of11medicaltextswrittenonsilkhasshedsomelightonthesophisticatedpracticesofthatearlyperiodofChinesehistory.Datedto168B.C.,thetextsdiscuss diet, exercise,moxibustion,andherbaltherapy.Liberallymixed
8、withshamanisticmagic,anextensivetext,PrescriptionsforFifty-twoAilments,describesthepharmacologic
