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1、ThereviewofCivilDisobedienceHenryDavidThoreauisrecognizedasanessayist,apoet,anaturalist,aphilosopherandmostimportantlyatranscendentalist.Hismasterpiece,Walden,istheembodimentofhisbeliefwhichadvocatesfeelingsratherthansensesandpromotesindividualism.ThereisalsoanotheronerevealsthebasicprincipleofT
2、horeau,thatistheCivilDisobedience.InJuly,1846,Thoreauwasputintojailsinceherefusedtopayapoll-taxof$2.00toagovernmenthethoughtunjust.Thoughthiseventwasinsignificantenough,itinspiredThoreautowritehisfamousessay,“CivilDisobedience”whichadvocatingpassiveresistancetounjustlawsofsociety,influencedpeopl
3、esuchasMahatmaGandhi.ThroughGandhi,Thoreau’stheoryhasbecomeagreattoolinpoliticalactivities.Inordertobetterunderstandthisessay,theprerequisiteistoknowoneconcept—thecivildisobedience.Iscivildisobediencethesameastherightagainstthelaw?Whatisthedifferencebetweenthem?Afterreadingthebook,I’vegotanideat
4、hatinsomesensetheyarealike.Butcivildisobedienceshouldbedescribedastheresistanceagainstunjustlawsbasedonconscience.Thecivildisobedienceisamoralright,whiletherightagainstthelawisoneofthebasichumanrights.Thoreaustressesontheindividual’seffect,sothecivildisobedienceisveryimportant.“Actionfromprincip
5、le,theperceptionandtheperformanceofright,changesthingsandrelations;itisessentiallyrevolutionary,anddoesnotconsistwhollywithanythingwhichwas.”Soevenonepersonwhofightsagainsttheunjustlawisinminority,hisactionmaystillhaveagreatmeaning.Inconcerningofthecivildisobedience,Socratescomesintomymind.Contr
6、arytoThoreau,whoadvocatestheresistanceagainsttheunjustlaws,heprovedbyhisownactionthateventhelawisunjust,weshouldalsoobeyit.IncomparisonwithThoreau,Socratesgivesusanegativeexample.ThereasonforsuchanactionwasalsorevealedbyThoreauinCivilDisobedience.“Unjustlawsexist:shallwebecontenttoobeythem,orsha
7、llweendeavortoamendthem,andobeythemuntilwehavesucceeded,orshallwetransgressthematonce?Men,generallythinkthattheyoughttowaituntiltheyhavepersuadedthemajoritytoalterthem.Theythinkthat,iftheyshouldresist,theremedywouldbeworseth
