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1、“介词+关系代词”引导的定语从句请同学们先看下面的高考题:1.Humanfacialexpressionsdifferfromthoseofanimalsinthedegree______theycanbecontrolledonpurpose.A.withwhichB.towhichC.ofwhichD.forwhich2.Lastmonth,partofSoutheastAsiawasstruckbyfloods,from______effectsthepeoplearestillsuffering.A.thatB.whoseC.thoseD.
2、what3.Isawawomanrunningtowardmeinthedark.BeforeIcouldrecognizewhoshewas,shehadrunbackinthedirection______shehadcome.A.ofwhichB.bywhichC.inwhichD.fromwhich4.Lastweek,onlytwopeoplecametolookatthehouse,______wantedtobuyit.A.noneofthemB.bothofthemC.noneofwhomD.neitherofwhom【点拨】●“介
3、词+关系代词”既可以引导限制性定语从句,也可以引导非限制性定语从句。在此结构中,关系代词指人时用whom,不可用who或that;指物时用which,不能用that;关系代词是所有格时用whose。但如果介词后置,则不受这种限制,关系代词还可以省去,尤其在口语中。如:1)Doyouknowthegirltowhomourteacherwastalking?=Doyouknowthegirl(that/who/whom)ourteacherwastalkingto?2)Theschool(that/which)mybrotheroncestudied
4、inisveryfamous.=Theschoolinwhichmybrotheroncestudiedisveryfamous.2.关系副词when,where,why可用“介词+which”来代替。关系副词实际上是介词+先行词。其中 when=表时间的介词(如:in,at,on,during等)+which; Where=表地点的介词(如:in,at,on,under等)+which; Why=表原因的介词(如:for)+which (1)当先行词表示时间,定语从句中缺少时间状语时,通常用关系副词when引导,此时也可选用表示时间的介词
5、+which来代替关系副词when。 I still remember the day when I came here. ( on the day =when) (2)当先行词表示地点,定语从句中缺少地点状语时,通常用关系副词where引导,此时也可选用表示地点的介词+which来代替关系副词where。 This is the house where I lived last year. ( in the house= where) (3)当先行词为reaso
6、n,定语从句中缺少表示原因状语时,通常用关系副词why引导,此时也可以用for which来代替关系副词why。 There are many reasons why people like traveling. (for the reasons =why) 注意: 1. 含有介词的短语动词一般不拆开, 介词仍放在短语动词的后面。如: look for, look after, take care of, pay attention to, look forward to 等。 This is the watch (
7、which / that) I am looking for. 2.“介词+关系代词”前还可有some, any, none, all, both, neither, many, most, each, few等代词或者数词,表示先行词的一部分或全部。 He loves his parents deeply, both of whom are very kind to him. In the basket there are quite many apples, some of which have gone bad. 二.介词的选择 1
8、.根据从句中动词与先行词的逻辑关系。Eg:Isthatthenewspaperforwhichyouoftenwritea