罗斯福新政，英文课件

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1、TheNewDealIntroductionI.FranklinD.RooseveltII.BackgroundIII.Implement:Stage,content,measuresIV.EssenceV.FeaturesVI.InfluenceI.FranklinDelanoRooseveltHewasthe32ndPresidentoftheUnitedStates(1933-1945)andacentralfigureinworldeventsduringthemid-20thcentury,leadingtheUnitedStatesduringa

2、timeofworldwideeconomiccrisisandworldwar.TheonlyAmericanpresidentelectedtomorethantwoterms,heforgedadurablecoalitionthatrealignedAmericanpoliticsfordecades.II.BackgroundTheGreatDepression---aseverworldwideeconomicdepressionThefailureofPresidentHoover’sreformKeynesianism（凯恩斯理论）Thevo

3、iceofthecallsforreformisrisingRooseveltasthePresidentoftheUnitedStatesIII.Implement:StageContentMeasureStagethefirststage:(1933-1935)FocusoneconomicadjustmentandRenaissance(thefirst100days)thesecondstage:(1936-1939)FocusonthereformContentTheNewDealwasaseriesofeconomicprogramsimplem

4、entedintheUnitedStatesbetween1933and1936.TheywerepassedbytheUnitedStatesCongressduringthefirsttermofPresidentFranklinD.Roosevelt.TheprogramswereRoosevelt'sresponsestotheGreatDepression,andfocusedonwhathistorianscallthe"3Rs":Relief,Recovery,andReform.3RsReliefwasurgentlyneededbytens

5、ofmillionsofunemployed.Recoverymeantboostingtheeconomybacktonormal.Reformmeantlong-termfixesofwhatwaswrong,especiallywiththefinancialandbankingsystems.Roosevelt'sseriesofradiotalks,knownasfiresidechats(炉边谈话),presentedhisproposalsdirectlytotheAmericanpublic.ActsAgenciesMeasuresIV.Es

6、senceOnthepartialadjustmentofcapitalistrelationsofproductionV.FeaturesNationaldirectinterventionintheeconomy在1930年代经济大萧条期间，罗斯福推行新政以提供失业救济与复苏经济，并成立如公共事业振兴署（WPA）、国家复兴管理局（NRA）和农业调整管理局（AAA）等机构来改革经济和银行体系。虽然直到第二次世界大战爆发为止，美国的经济仍未能完全复苏，但是他所发起的一些计划，如联邦存款保险公司（FDIC）、田纳西河谷管理局（TVA）以及证券交易委员会（SEC

7、）等，仍继续在国家的商贸中扮演重要角色。除此之外，在其任内设立的一些制度，包括社会安全系统和全国劳资关系委员会（NLRB）等等，仍然保留至今。NationalRecoveryAct(in1933forindustry)NRA“BlueEagle"campaignindustrypowerProclaimingthesymbolofindustrialrecoveryAcceptingPresidentFranklinRoosevelt’sRe-employmentAgreementoraspecialCodeofFairCompetitionTitleTen

8、nesseeValleyAuthorityIncre