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ID:5909266
大小:1.39 MB
页数:19页
时间:2017-11-16
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1、TheNewDealIntroductionI.FranklinD.RooseveltII.BackgroundIII.Implement:Stage,content,measuresIV.EssenceV.FeaturesVI.InfluenceI.FranklinDelanoRooseveltHewasthe32ndPresidentoftheUnitedStates(1933-1945)andacentralfigureinworldeventsduringthemid-20thcentury,leadingtheUnitedStatesduringa
2、timeofworldwideeconomiccrisisandworldwar.TheonlyAmericanpresidentelectedtomorethantwoterms,heforgedadurablecoalitionthatrealignedAmericanpoliticsfordecades.II.BackgroundTheGreatDepression---aseverworldwideeconomicdepressionThefailureofPresidentHoover’sreformKeynesianism(凯恩斯理论)Thevo
3、iceofthecallsforreformisrisingRooseveltasthePresidentoftheUnitedStatesIII.Implement:StageContentMeasureStagethefirststage:(1933-1935)FocusoneconomicadjustmentandRenaissance(thefirst100days)thesecondstage:(1936-1939)FocusonthereformContentTheNewDealwasaseriesofeconomicprogramsimplem
4、entedintheUnitedStatesbetween1933and1936.TheywerepassedbytheUnitedStatesCongressduringthefirsttermofPresidentFranklinD.Roosevelt.TheprogramswereRoosevelt'sresponsestotheGreatDepression,andfocusedonwhathistorianscallthe"3Rs":Relief,Recovery,andReform.3RsReliefwasurgentlyneededbytens
5、ofmillionsofunemployed.Recoverymeantboostingtheeconomybacktonormal.Reformmeantlong-termfixesofwhatwaswrong,especiallywiththefinancialandbankingsystems.Roosevelt'sseriesofradiotalks,knownasfiresidechats(炉边谈话),presentedhisproposalsdirectlytotheAmericanpublic.ActsAgenciesMeasuresIV.Es
6、senceOnthepartialadjustmentofcapitalistrelationsofproductionV.FeaturesNationaldirectinterventionintheeconomy在1930年代经济大萧条期间,罗斯福推行新政以提供失业救济与复苏经济,并成立如公共事业振兴署(WPA)、国家复兴管理局(NRA)和农业调整管理局(AAA)等机构来改革经济和银行体系。虽然直到第二次世界大战爆发为止,美国的经济仍未能完全复苏,但是他所发起的一些计划,如联邦存款保险公司(FDIC)、田纳西河谷管理局(TVA)以及证券交易委员会(SEC
7、)等,仍继续在国家的商贸中扮演重要角色。除此之外,在其任内设立的一些制度,包括社会安全系统和全国劳资关系委员会(NLRB)等等,仍然保留至今。NationalRecoveryAct(in1933forindustry)NRA“BlueEagle"campaignindustrypowerProclaimingthesymbolofindustrialrecoveryAcceptingPresidentFranklinRoosevelt’sRe-employmentAgreementoraspecialCodeofFairCompetitionTitleTen
8、nesseeValleyAuthorityIncre
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