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1、四、写出下列电池中各电极上的反应和电池反应。(1)Pt,H2(g,p1)∣HCl(a)∣Cl2(g,p2)Pt(2)Pt,H2,(g,p1)∣H+(a1)║Ag+(a2)∣Ag(s)(3)Ag(s)+AgI(s)∣I-(a1)║Cl-(a2)∣AgCl(s)+Ag(s)(4)Pb(s)+PbSO4(s)∣SO42-(a1)║Cu2+(a2)∣Cu(s)(5)Pt,H2H2(g,p1)∣NaOH(a)∣HgO(s)+Hg(l)(6)Pt,H2H2(g,p1)∣H+(aq)∣Sb2O3(s)+Sb(s)(7)Pt∣
2、Fe3+(a1),Fe2+(a2)║Ag+(a3)∣Ag(s)(8)Na(Hg)(a3)∣Na+(a1)║OH-(a2)∣HgO(s)+Hg(l)五、试将下述化学反应设计成电池。(1)AgCl(s)═Ag+(a1)+Cl-(a2)(2)AgCl(s)+I-(a1)═AgI(s)+Cl-(a2)(3)H2(g,p1)+HgO(s)═Hg(l)+H2O(l)(4)Fe2+(a1)+Ag+(a2)═Fe3+(a3)+Ag(s)(5)H2(g,p1)+1/2O2(g,p2)═H2O(l)(6)Cl2(g,p1)+2I-
3、(a1)═I2(s)+2Cl-(a2)答案四、写出下列电池中各电极上的反应和电池反应。(1)解:(-):H2(g,p1)®2H+(a)+2e-(+):Cl2(g,p2)+2e-®2Cl-(a)电池:H2(g,p1)+Cl2(g,p2)===2HCl(a)(2)解:(-):1/2H2(g,p1)®H+(a1)+e-(+):Ag+(a2)+e-®Ag(s)电池:1/2H2(g,p1)+Ag+(a2)═H+(a1)+Ag(s)(3)解:(-):Ag(s)+I-(a1)®AgI(s)+e-(+):AgCl(s)+e-®
4、Ag(s)+Cl-(a2)电池:AgCl(s)+I-(a1)═AgI(s)+Cl-(a2)(4)解:(-):Pb(s)+SO42-(a1)®PbSO4(s)+2e-(+):Cu2+(a2)+2e-®Cu(s)电池:Pb(s)+SO42-(a1)+Cu2+(a2)═PbSO4(s)+Cu(s)(5)解:(-):H2(p(H1)+2OH-(a)®2H2O+2e-(+):HgO(s)+H2O+2e-®Hg(l)+2OH-(a)电池:H2(p(H1)+HgO(s)═Hg(l)+H2O(6)解:(-):3H2(g,p1)
5、®6H+(a)+6e-(+):Sb2O3(s)+6H+(a)+6e-®2Sb(s)+3H2O电池:3H2(p(H1)+Sb2O3(s)═2Sb(s)+3H2O(7)解:(-):Fe2+(a2)®Fe3+(a1)+e-(+):Ag+(a3)+e-®Ag(s)电池:Fe2+(a2)+Ag+(a3)═Fe3+(a1)+Ag(s)(8)解:(-):2Na(Hg)(a3)®2Na+(a1)+2Hg+2e-(+):HgO(s)+H2O+2e-®Hg(l)+2OH-(a2)电池:2Na(Hg)(a3)+HgO(s)+H2O═
6、2Na+(a1)+3Hg(l)++2OH-(a2)五、试将下述化学反应设计成电池。(1)解:Ag(s)∣Ag+(a1)║Cl-(a2)∣AgCl(s)∣Ag(s)(2)解:Ag(s)∣AgI(s)∣I-(a1)║Cl-(a2)∣AgCl(s)∣Ag(s)(3)解:Pt∣H2(g,p1)∣H+(aq)∣HgO(s)∣Hg(l)∣Pt(4)解:Pt∣Fe3+(a3),Fe2+(a1)║Ag+(a2)∣Ag(s)(5)解:Pt∣H2(g,p1)∣H+(aq)∣O2(g,p2)∣Pt(6)解:Pt∣I2(s)∣I-(a
7、1)║Cl-(a2)∣Cl2(g,p1)∣Pt