2021届高考英语一轮复习课时提能练14 Astronomy：the science of the stars.doc

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1、课时提能练(十四)Ⅰ.阅读理解(2019·长沙测评)Scientistsfoundgravitationalwavesastheywatchedtheeffectsoftwoblackholesrunningintoeachotherandformingamuchbiggerone，acenturyafterAlbertEinsteinpredictedthatsuchaneventwouldsendripples(波纹)throughspacetime.Scientists“heard”thewavewiththehel

2、poflaserbeams(激光束)sentthroughtwopipeswhichformanangleof90°betweeneachotherandarenearly2,000milesapartintheUS.Thatequipmentletthemglimpsethenatureofblackholes.TogethertheymadeuptheLaserInterferometerGravitationalWaveObservatory(LIGO)．Gravitationalwaveswerefirstobse

3、rvedinSeptember2015andtheseconddetection(发现)occurredthreemonthslater.Thethirddetection，whichtheastronomerscalledGW170104，wasmadeonJanuary4,2017.Theastronomersbelievedtheirlatestfinding“providescluesaboutthedirectionsinwhichtheblackholesarespinning”．“Blackholesareb

4、eautifullysimple.Youjustneedtwonumberstodescribethemcompletely：mass，howmuchtheybendspacetime，andaspin，howmuchspacetimemovesaboutthem，”saidDr.ChristopherBerryoftheUniversityofBirmingham，oneoftheresearchersintheproject.“Butittakeslotsofhardworktomeasurethesefromourd

5、ata.Wenowhavewonderfulmassmeasurements，andarestartingtouncoverdetailsaboutthespinsoftheseblackholes，whichcouldgiveevidenceforhowtheyformed.”TheresearcherssaidtheirdiscoveryaddedfurtherevidencetosupportEinstein'sgeneraltheoryofrelativityandconfirmedtheexistenceofpr

6、eviouslyunknownblackholes.Morethan1,000scientistsfromtheLIGOScientificCollaborationwereinvolvedintheprojectalongwithanadditional280researchersfromtheEuropeanbasedVirgoCollaboration.Scientistshopegravitationalwaveswillofferacompletelydifferentviewoftheuniverse，allo

7、wingthemtostudyeventsthatmightbehiddenfromtraditionaltelescopes.“Wehavefurtherconfirmationoftheexistenceofstellar(恒星的)massblackholesthatarelargerthan20solarmasses.Wedidn'tknow6/6theyexistedbeforeLIGOdetectedthem，”MITresearcherDavidShoemakersaid.【语篇解读】　本文是一篇科普说明文。科

8、学家们第三次探测到引力波，相对论再获证实，促进了黑洞研究。1．Whopioneeredgravitationalwaves?A．DavidShoemaker.B．ChristopherBerry.C．ScientistsfromLIGO.D．AlbertEinstein.D　[细节理解题。根据第一段中的