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ID:59013727
大小:1.52 MB
页数:34页
时间:2020-09-15
《免疫复习资料:免疫 自己整理版 名解.doc》由会员上传分享,免费在线阅读,更多相关内容在教育资源-天天文库。
1、1.Immunologyisthestudyofthewaysinwhichthebodydefendsitselffrominfectiousagentsandotherforeignsubstancesinitsenvironment.[Immunity:referstoallmechanismsusedbythebodyasprotectionagainstenvironmentalagentsthatareforeigntothebody.(torecognizeandeliminateforeignsubstances)]2.Inna
2、teimmunityItreferstoanyinbornimmunitythatisalreadypresentthefirsttimeapathogenisencountered.3.AdaptiveimmuneresponseTheTcellsandBcellsinthebodyrecognizetheantigenand,inturn,becomeactivated.Theactivatedlymphocytesthenproliferateandcarryouttheirspecificeffectorfunctions4.Humor
3、alimmunity:mediatedbyBcellsanddefenseagainstextracellularmicrobes.5.Cell-mediatedimmunity:mediatedbyTcellsanddefenseagainstintracellularmicrobes.TheinnateandadaptiveimmuneresponseIntroductionCharacteristicsCellsMoleculesInnateimmunityRespondsrapidlyNomemoryNoorlowspecificity
4、PhysicalbarriersPhagocytes(PMNsandmacrophages)NaturalkillercellsHumoralfactorsComplementAcutephaseProteinsCytokinesAdaptiveimmunityRespondsSlowlyMemoryHighlyspecificTcellsBcellsDendriticcellsAntibodiesCytokinesGranzymesClonalselectiontheory全身的免疫细胞是由众多识别不同抗原的细胞克隆所组成,同一种克隆细胞表达
5、相同的特异性受体,淋巴细胞识别抗原的多样性是机体接触抗原前就有的,是生物在长期进化过程中形成的。抗原进入机体只是从免疫细胞中找出能识别这种抗原的淋巴细胞克隆,活化,增殖,扩增出许多具有相同特异性的子代细胞,产生大量特异性抗体清除入侵的抗原。日TLymphocytesTCR:T-cellantigenreceptorTCRab+>95%TCRgd+1–5%1.CytotoxicTcells(CTL)2.helperTcells:Th1,Th2,Th173.RegulatoryTcells(Treg)andsuppressorTcells(Ts)T
6、h1巨噬细胞活化IgGTh2肥大嗜酸IgEBonemarrow1.theplaceinwhichproliferationofHSCtakesplace2.theplaceinwhichdevelopmentandmaturationofBcellsoccurThelymphoidprogenitorcellsaretransportedbycirculatingbloodtothethymusanddifferentiateintofunctionalTlymphocytesThethymus1.Cells:thymicstromalcell
7、s(TSC)epithelialcells,monocytes(macrophage),TDCthymocytesTcell(ab+)2.Structure:cortex---immaturethymocytesmedulla---maturethymocytesMf,TDC3.Function:ItisthesiteofTcellmaturation/selection;ItdeterminesthespecificityoftheTCRexpressedontheTcellsreleasedtoperipheryThelymphnode1.
8、Human:2-10mmindiameter2.roundandkidneyshaped3.Consistsofcortex(B-cellarea)p
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