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1、Theuseof-ingGrammarGrammar动词-ing形式的被动式动词-ing形式的被动式,其构成为“being+动词的过去分词”,否定形式是“notdoing”可在句中作主语,表语,宾语,宾语补足语,定语和状语,但不能单独作谓语,其完成形式为havingbeendone,多在句中作状语。如果动词-ing形式的逻辑主语为所表示的动作的承受者，动词-ing形式要用被动语态，动词-ing形式的被动语态有一般式与完成式之分。语态时态主动形式被动形式一般式完成式(not)doing(not)beingdone(not)havingdone(not)havingbeendoneBein
2、gbadlywounded,thewhalesoondied.Georgedidn’tlikebeingkeptwaiting.Iamnotinterestedinthetopicbeingdiscussed.Hewasafraidofbeingscoldedbytheteacher.他害怕被老师责骂。1)一般式:此外,动词-ing形式的被动式还可以在句中构成复合宾语。如：You’llfindthetopicbeingdiscussedeverywhere.你会听到到处都在讨论这个问题。Heoftenwatchedtheboatsbeingunloaded.他常常看轮船卸货。Aswea
3、pproachedthevillagewesawnewhousesbeingbuilt.走近村子时我们看到正在盖新房。而且在want,need,deserve,require等动词后,尽管表示的是被动含义,我们却用动词-ing形式，也可以用不定式的被动形式来替换。如：Theblackboardneedscleaning.=Theblackboardneedstobecleaned.黑板需要擦干净。Thebrokenwindowwantsrepairing.=Thebrokenwindowwantstoberepaired. 那个破窗户需要修理。在worth这个形容词后情形也是这样:He
4、rmethodisworthtrying.她的方法值得试一下。2)完成式表示动名词的动作发生在谓语动作之前。Hepridedhimselfonhavingneverbeenbeateninclass.V-ing的用法：1.作主语★Swimmingisgoodforhealth.★___________(raise)yourhattoaaladyisgoodmanners.对一位女士脱帽致敬是礼貌的。★____________(kill)bysharksintheseaisacommonthing.RaisingBeingkilled2.作表语☆Teachingislearning.教学
5、相长．☆Myhobbyis__________(make)modelplanes.☆Whatworriedthechildmostwas__________________(not,allow)tovisithismotherinthehospital.makingnotbeingallowed注意：动名词和不定式都可以作主语，动名词作主语表示一般或抽象的多次性行为，不定式作主语往往表示具体的或一次性的动作。如：Playingwithfireisdangerous.（泛指玩火）Toplaywithfirewillbedangerous.（指一具体动作）2).V-ing形式和不定式都要有
6、对称性;当主语是不定式时，表语也用不定式；反之，当主语是V-ing形式时，表语也用V-ing形式。Toseeistobelieve.=Seeingisbelieving.注意3).It’snouse(good)doingsthIt’sawasteoftimedoingsthit作形式主语,只用V-ing,不用不定式。※Itis+adj.+(forsb)todosthItisnousecryingoverspiltmilk.覆水难收。Itisawasteoftime___________(talk)tohim.Itisimportantforme_______________(learn
7、)English.talkingtolearn_____theexamwilldisappointyourparents. A.YoufailingB.YourfailingC.YoufailD.Youtofail.2._____thesamemistakeagainmadehisparentsveryangry. A.HisbeingmadeB.HehasmadeC.HehadmakingD.Hismaking3.Idon'tthinkit'
