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1、定语从句复习定语从句定语从句(AttributiveClauses)在句中做定语,修饰一个名词或代词,被修饰的名词,词组或代词即先行词。定语从句通常出现在先行词之后,由关系词(关系代词或关系副词)引出。 关系代词有:who,whom,whose,that,which等。 关系副词有:when,where,why等。先行词是物先行词是人定语地点状语时间状语主宾主宾关系代词whichthatwhowhomwhose关系副词wherewhen注:1.介词提前时一般只用which和whom。2.whose+名词=the+名词+ofwhich/ofwhomThisisthedetecti
2、vewhocamefromLondon.ThebookwhichIamreadingiswrittenbyTomasHardy.Thedeskwhoselegisbrokenisveryold.ThisistheroomthatShakespearewasbornin.(1)如果先行词是all,much,anything,something,nothing,everything,little,none等不定代词,关系代词一般只用that,不用which。例如:Allthepeoplethatarepresentburstintotears.(2)先行词有两个,既有人也有物,要用that
3、。Weweretalkingaboutthepersonsandthingsthatwerememberedinourschool.关系代词that和which的区别1.宜用that引导的定语从句(3)如果先行词被形容词最高级以及first,last,any,only,few,mush,no,some,very等词修饰,关系代词常用that,不用which,who,或whom。例如:ThisisthemostimpressiveTVtheaterthathasneverbeenputonshowbefore.这是以前从未上演过的最有感染力的电视剧。Thatistheonlywaytha
4、tleadstoyoursuccess.那是通向你成功的唯一之路。Wehavetoconsiderthefirstthingthatstartsourwork.我们必须要考虑启动我们工作的第一件事。2.宜用which引导的定语从句当定语从句的介词提前时,要用which。Thehouseinwhichtheylivedlastyearhasbeenrebuilt.引导非限制性定语从句时,要用which。Heboughtarailwayticketforthewoman,whichhelpedheralot.as,which非限定性定语从句由as,which引导的非限定性定语从句,as和w
5、hich可代整个主句,相当于andthis或andthat。As一般放在句首,which在句中。Asweknow,smokingisharmfultoone'shealth.Thesunheatstheearth,whichisveryimportanttous.Alicereceivedaninvitationfromherboss,___cameasasurprise.A.itB.thatC.whichD.heItrainedhardyesterday,____preventedmefromgoingtothepark..A.thatB.whichC.asD.itas和wh
6、ich在引导非限制性定语从句时,这两个关系代词都指主句所表达的整个意思,且在定语从句中都可以作主语和宾语。但不同之处主要有两点:(1)as引导非限制性定语从句,可放在主句之前,或者主句之后,甚至可以切割一个主句;which引导的非限制性定语从句只能放在主句之后。另外,as有“正如……,正像……”的意思(2)as代表前面的整个主句并在从句中作主语时,从句中的谓语必须是系动词;若为行为动词,则从句中的关系代词只能用which。(3)当先行词受such,thesame修饰时,常用asIhaveneverheardsuchastoryashetells.Heisnotsuchafoolas
7、helooks.ThisisthesamebookasIlostlastweek.注意:当先行词由thesame修饰时,偶尔也用that引导定语从句,但是和由as所引导的定语从句意思不同。SheworethesamedressthatsheworeatMary’swedding.她穿着她在MARY婚礼上穿过的一条裙子。Sheworethesamedressasheryoungsisterwore.她穿着和她妹妹所穿的一样的裙子。判断关系代词与