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时间:2020-09-30
《TOEFL阅读理解之十大题型ppt课件.ppt》由会员上传分享,免费在线阅读,更多相关内容在教育资源-天天文库。
1、TOEFL阅读理解之十大题型TOEFL阅读十大题型之再分类1.改写题(Paraphrasing)FactualInformationquestions(3-6questionsperset)NegativeFactualInformationquestions(0-2questionsperset)SentenceSimplificationquestions(0-1questionsperset)2.语篇纽带题(TextConnectors)Referencequestions(0-2questionsperset)InsertTextques
2、tion(0-1questionsperset)3.推论题Inferencequestions(0-2questionsperset)RhetoricalPurposequestions(0-2questionsperset)4.篇章结构题(TextStructure)ProseSummaryFillinTable5.词汇题1.改写题(Paraphrasing)FactualInformationquestionsNegativeFactualInformationquestionsSentenceSimplificationquestions①
3、FactualInformationquestions这类问题实际考察的是对英文句子进行改写(paraphrasing)的能力。原句与正确选项之间一般存在三种关系:原文引用;同义替换(同义词/反义词/结构转换);对原句内容的提炼与概括。关键词定位法先看两个例子:Asameteorologicalterm,“eye”describeacircularregionatthecenterofaseverewindstorm.Asameteorologicalconcept,“eye”referstoaroundareainthemiddleofanex
4、tremewinddisturbance.该例使用了同义词进行同意转述。Becausethisareaissosmallandirregular,itisdifficulttoobserve.Peoplehavedifficultyobservingthissmallandirregulararea.该例使用了结构转换进行同意转述。OG:P42-7:Manyincompleteskeletonswerefoundbuttheyincluded,forthefirsttimeinanarchaeocyte,acompletehindlegthatf
5、eaturesafootwiththreetinytoes.Suchlegswouldhavebeenfartoosmalltohavesupportedthe50-foot-longBasilosaurusonland.ThehindlegofBasilosauruswasasignificantfindbecauseitshowedthatBasilosaurusA.livedlaterthanAmbulocetusnatansB.livedatthesametimeasPakicetusC.wasabletoswimwellD.couldn
6、othavewalkedonlandItshouldbeobviousthatcetaceans——whales,porpoises,anddolphins——aremammals.Theybreathethroughlungs,notthroughgills,andgivebirthtoliveyoung.Theirstreamlinedbodies,theabsenceofhindlegs,andthepresenceofaflukeandblowholecannotdisguisetheiraffinitieswithland-dwelli
7、ngmammals.Inparagraph1,whatdoestheauthorsayaboutthepresenceofablowholeincetaceans?○Itclearlyindicatesthatcetaceansaremammals.○Itcannotconcealthefactthatcetaceansaremammals.○Itisthemaindifferencebetweencetaceansandland-dwellingmammals.○Itcannotyieldcluesabouttheoriginsofcetace
8、ans.再看一个例子:1790sawthenationenteringaneweraofroaddevelopment.Unableto
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