大气污染控制Lecture 5 Meteorology for air pollution control Engineersppt课件.ppt

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1、AirPollutionQuestionsfortheLastLectureHowtogetarepresentativepollutedairsample?Answer(2)Excludingunwantedmaterials(3)Probesarenormallyheatedtopreventcondensationofgasesonthewallsofsamplingprobe(1)selectingasuitablesamplersiteLecture5Meteorologyforairpol

2、lutioncontrolEngineersⅠRelationshipbetweenmeteorologyandairpollutionⅡEffectsofhorizontalatmosphericmotiononatmosphericstabilityⅢEffectsofverticalatmosphericmotiononatmosphericstabilityⅣMixingHeight(混合高度)andFumigation(薰烟扩散)ⅠRelationshipbetweenmeteorology

3、andairpollution(1)AirpollutionprocessEmissionEffectsonsomereceptorsAtmosphere:TransportDilutionModificationPollutantremovalbyNaturalmechanism(2)ImportantmeteorologyelementsonairpollutionBecauseairpollutionistransportedintheatmosphere,thewindspeedanddirec

4、tion,andatmosphericstabilityisimportantforairpollutiontransport.windspeedanddirectionatmosphericstabilityWehopethattheairpollutantscanbetransportedfarawayfromtheplacewherepeopleoftenlive,anddiluteorremoveintheatmosphere.HighsmokestackHighsmokestack(3)The

5、atmosphere78%nitrogen21%oxygen~1%argonothertracegases:CO2,H2O,O3composition(3)TheatmosphereHorizontalmotionmotionsintheatmosphereVerticalmotionwindspeedanddirectionatmosphericstabilityAirPollutantstransportⅡEffectsofhorizontalatmosphericmotiononatmosphe

6、ricstabilityThreeelementswhicheffecthorizontalatmosphericmotion.Equatorialheating,polarcoolingEffectsofearth’srotationInfluenceofthegroundandsea(1)Equatorialheating,polarcoolingSchematicrepresentationofthegeneralcirculationoftheatmosphere.HighpressureLow

7、pressureLowpressureHighpressure00600300(2)Effectsofearth’srotationNorthpoleSouthpoleOnthecontrarysideofclock-cycleNorthpoleⅢEffectsofverticalatmosphericmotiononatmosphericstability(1)verticalmotionmodelp.T.ρ____surroundingairAnairparcelorpollutedairparc

8、elbuoyancyweight(2)FactorsthataffectverticalmotiontemperaturedensityRH(RelativeHumidity)P(Pressure)Commonlyairpressureisthesameatthesameheight.FactorsthataffectverticalmotionVerticalatmosphericmotionisdecidedbydifferencebe