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时间:2020-10-03
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1、InterdependenceandtheGainsfromTradeChapter3Copyright©2001byHarcourt,Inc.Allrightsreserved. Requestsforpermissiontomakecopiesofanypartoftheworkshouldbemailedto:PermissionsDepartment,HarcourtCollegePublishers,6277SeaHarborDrive,Orlando,Florida32887-6777.Interdependenc
2、eandTradeConsideryourtypicalday:YouwakeuptoanalarmclockmadeinKorea.YoupouryourselfsomeorangejuicemadefromorangesgrowninFlorida.YouputonsomeclothesmadeofcottongrowninGeorgiaandsewninfactoriesinThailand.YouwatchthemorningnewsbroadcastfromNewYorkonyourTVmadeinJapan.Youdrivet
3、oclassinacarmadeofpartsmanufacturedinahalf-dozendifferentcountries.…andyouhaven’tbeenupformorethantwohoursyet!Harcourt,Inc.itemsandderiveditemscopyright©2001byHarcourt,Inc.InterdependenceandTradeRemember,economicsisthestudyofhowsocietiesproduceanddistributegoodsinanattemp
4、ttosatisfythewantsandneedsofitsmembers.Howdowesatisfyourwantsandneedsinaglobaleconomy?Wecanbeeconomicallyself-sufficient.Wecanspecializeandtradewithothers,leadingtoeconomicinterdependence.InterdependenceandTradeAgeneralobservation...Individualsandnationsrelyonspecializedp
5、roductionandexchangeasawaytoaddressproblemscausedbyscarcity.InterdependenceandTradeBut,thisgivesrisetotwoquestions:Whyisinterdependencethenorm?Whatdeterminesproductionandtrade?Whyisinterdependencethenorm?Interdependenceoccursbecausepeoplearebetteroffwhentheyspecializeandt
6、radewithothers.Whatdeterminesthepatternofproductionandtrade?Patternsofproductionandtradearebasedupondifferencesinopportunitycosts.Imagine...onlytwogoods:potatoesandmeatonlytwopeople:apotatofarmerandacattlerancherWhatshouldeachproduce?Whyshouldtheytrade?AParablefortheModer
7、nEconomyTheProductionOpportunitiesoftheFarmerandtheRancherHarcourt,Inc.itemsandderiveditemscopyright©2001byHarcourt,Inc.Self-SufficiencyByignoringeachother:Eachconsumeswhattheyeachproduce.Theproductionpossibilitiesfrontierisalsotheconsumptionpossibilitiesfrontier.Withoutt
8、rade,economicgainsarediminished.ProductionPossibilitiesFrontiersPotatoes(pounds)Meat(pounds)4212
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