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1、2011spring FuelCellsandElectrochemistryLecture2:FuelcellsReviewWhatisfuelcell2HITSZIntroductiontoFuelCell3FUELCELLTECHNOLOGYTechnologyoverviewHydrogenfueldevelopmentBenefits:Efficiency,Power,Energy1W100W1kW10kW100kW1MW10MW100MW1GW10WPortableElectronicsComputersLightBulbsH
2、airDryerApartmentsStoveAuxiliaryPowerUnits,HousesHotels,CarsTrucksNuclearPowerPlantWindPowerShips,AirplanesCoal-firedPowerPlant3daysMissionDurationBatteriesPortableFuelCellSystem10days3hours0.06kgoffuel0.75kgoffuel1.6kgoffuel1Kg9Kg30Kg5FuelCells(General)ElectrodeAnodeWher
3、efuelentersthefuelcellCathodeWhereoxidizerentersthefuelcellFunctionsConductselectronsAllowsgasestopenetratefromgaschanneltoreactionsiteProvidesatriple-phaseboundary(reactionsite)Wheregas,electronicconductor,andionicconductormeetThreelayers(Generally)Catalyzedlayer(electro
4、de/electrolyteinterface)DiffusionlayerHighporositytominimizediffusion-relatedproblemsSupportatgas/electrodeinterface6FuelCells(General)ElectrolyteFunctionsElectricalinsulatorConductorofionsParticulariondependsontypeoffuelcell(PEM(H+),SOFC(O2-),etc.)CharacteristicsSolid(SO
5、FCandPEM)Liquid(AFC,PAFCandMCFC)7WhatisaFuelCell?AFuelCellisanelectrochemicaldevicethatcombineshydrogenandoxygentoproduceelectricity,withwaterandheatasitsby-product.Sinceconversionofthefueltoenergytakesplaceviaanelectrochemicalprocess,notcombustionItisaclean,quietandhighl
6、yefficientprocess-twotothreetimesmoreefficientthanfuelburning.HowdoesaFuelCellwork?AFuelCellconsistsoftwocatalystcoatedelectrodessurroundinganelectrolyteOneelectrodeisananodeandtheotherisacathodeItoperatessimilarlytoabattery,butitdoesnotrundownnordoesitrequirerechargingAs
7、longasfuelissupplied,aFuelCellwillproducebothenergyandheatHowdoesaFuelCellwork?TheprocessbeginswhenHydrogenmoleculesentertheanodeThecatalystcoatingseparateshydrogen’snegativelychargedelectronsfromthepositivelychargedprotonsHowdoesaFuelCellwork?Theelectrolyteallowstheproto
8、nstopassthroughtothecathode,butnottheelectronsInsteadtheelectronsaredirectedthroughanexternalcir
