水利专业名词(中英文对照).doc

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1、水利专业名词（中英）A安全储备safetyreserve安全系数safetyfactor安全性safety岸边溢洪道river-bankspillway岸边绕渗by-passseepagearoundbankslope岸墙abutmentwall岸塔式进水口bank-towerintakeB坝的上游面坡度upstreamslpoeofdam坝的下游面downstreamfaceofdam坝顶damcrest坝顶长度crestlength坝顶超高freeboardofdamcrest坝高damheight坝顶高程crestelevation坝顶宽度crest

2、width坝段monolith坝基处理foundationtreatment坝基排水drainindamfoundation坝基渗漏leakageofdamfoundation坝肩damabutment坝壳damshell坝坡damslope坝坡排水drainonslope坝体混凝土分区gradezoneofconcreteindam坝体排水系统drainagesystemindam坝型选择selectionofdamtype坝址选择selectionofdamsite坝趾damtoe坝踵damheel坝轴线damaxis本构模型constitutivem

3、odel鼻坎bucket比尺scale比降gradient闭门力closingforce边墩sidepier边界层boundarylayer边墙sidewall边缘应力boundarystress变形观测deformationobservation变中心角变半径拱坝variableangleandradiusarchdam标准贯入试验击数numberofstandardpenetrationtest冰压力icepressure薄壁堰sharp-crestedweir薄拱坝thin-archdam不均匀沉降裂缝differentialsettlementcr

4、ack不平整度irregularityC材料力学法methodofstrengthofmaterials材料性能分项系数partialfactorforpropertyofmaterial侧槽溢洪道sidechannelspillway侧轮sideroller侧收缩系数coefficientofsidecontraction测缝计jointmeter插入式连接inserttypeconnection差动式鼻坎differentialbucket掺气aeration掺气槽aerationslot掺气减蚀cavitationcontrolbyaeration厂

5、房顶溢流spilloverpowerhouse沉降settlement沉井基础sunkshaftfoundation沉沙池sedimentbasin沉沙建筑物sedimentarystructure沉沙条渠sedimentarychannel沉陷缝settlementjoint沉陷观测settlementobservation衬砌的边值问题boundaryvalueproblemoflining衬砌计算liningcalculation衬砌自重dead-weightoflining承载能力bearingcapacity承载能力极限状态limitstateo

6、fbearingcapacity持住力holdingforce齿墙cut-offwall冲击波shockwave冲沙闸flushsluice冲刷坑scourhole重现期returnperiod抽排措施pumpdrainagemeasure抽水蓄能电站厂房pump-storagepowerhouse出口段outletsection初步设计阶段preliminarydesignstage初参数解法preliminaryparametersolution初生空化数incipientcavitationnumber初应力法initialstressmethod船

7、闸navigationlock垂直升船机verticalshiplift纯拱法independentarchmethod次要建筑物secondarystructure刺墙key-wall粗粒土coarse-grainedsoil错缝staggeredjointD大坝安全评价assessmentofdamsafety大坝安全监控monitorofdamsafety大坝老化damaging大头坝massive-headdam单层衬砌monolayerlining单级船闸liftlock单线船闸singlelinelock挡潮闸tidesluice挡水建筑物re

8、tainingstructure导流洞diversiontunne