湖南省长沙市明德中学译林牛津高中英语课件：M5U1-grammer.ppt

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1、Unit1Module5GrammarandusageTo-infinitiveBare-infinitiveAfaithfulfriendishardtofind.Theonlywaytohaveafriendistobeone.Itisbettertobealonethaninbadcompany.Lookatfollowingsentences,payattentiontothewordsinred.To-infinitive知音难觅。交友的唯一方法是自己必须够朋友。与恶友交不如独处。Functionsofto-infinitive1.todoasasubjectTofinda

2、bestfriendisdifficult.Totalkwithyourmouthfullisrude.Tobecomealawyerwashischildhooddream.Wealsocanchangethissentenceinto:Itisdifficulttofindabestfriend.Itisrudetotalkwithyourmouthfull.Itwashischildhooddreamtobecomealawyer.ThesubjectshouldnotbetoolongThecatsaid,“Totakerollercoasteristerrible”.不定式

3、短语作主语时，可以直接放在句首，但在很多情况下，尤其是在疑问句和感叹句中，往往放在谓语之后，而用先行代词it作形式主语。Thecatsaid,“It’sterribletotakerollercoaster.”Howlongdidittakeyoutotakerollercoaster?Howterribleitistotakerollercoaster!不定式作主语常见句型：a)Itis+adj.(easy,important,difficult…)+不定式b)Itis+n.(apity,apleasure,one’sduty,ashame…)+不定式c)Ittakes/needs

4、/requires+sometime(hours,months,days,patience…)+不定式2.todoasapredicativeOurmostimportanttasknowistomakeaplan.WhatIwanttodonowistotraveltoBeijing.当句子的主语是aim,idea,policy,question,suggestion,wish,task,duty,job,purpose等或者主语是what引导的名词性从句时，后面可以用不定式做表语，用以说明主语所包含内容。注：作表语的不定式都带to，但当主语部分有实义动词do时，to可以省略。No

5、wtheonlythingwecandoiswait.3.todoasanobjectThecatsaid“Remembernottotakeitnexttime!”(Tips:不定式否定为notto)a)可以直接用不定式作宾语的动词很多，如agree,afford,tend,ask,decide,determine,expect,fail,hope,learn,intend,manage,offer,plan,promise,refuse,want,wish2005年天津卷12题：Idon’twant_____likeI’mspeakingillofanybody,butthema

6、nager’splanisunfair.A.tosoundB.tobesoundedC.soundingD.tohavesounded当不定式短语比宾补长时，往往将不定式放到宾补后，而用先行代词it作形式宾语，常用动词有feel,think,find,believe,consider,make等。Thecatfeltitterribletotakerollercoaster.b)只有少数介词如but,except等后面可以跟不定式作宾语。一般情况下作介词宾语的不定式都带to，但如果but或except所在句子里的谓语动词含有do,does,did时，通常省略to。Wehavenoch

7、oicebuttowait.Cf.Wecandonothingbutwait.4.todoasanobjectcomplementYoushouldgetthemtohelpyou.(Theywillhelpyou.)Theybelievedhimtobehonest.(Hewashonest.)(常用谓语动词有:get,ask,force,order,tell,invite,allow,wish,want,like,expect,advise,beg等。