基础医学英语课件：Unit 14 Genetics of Cancer.ppt

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1、Unit14GeneticsofCancermetastatic[ˌmetə'stætɪk]a.转移性的metastasis[mə'tæstəsɪs]n.转移；转移瘤metastasize[mə'tæstəˌsaɪz]v.（癌细胞等）转移，扩散geneonco-:tumour,lump瘤,肿oncogenecarcinoma-oma:tumorcarcino-:cancermutate['mjuːteɪt]vi.mutation[mjuː'teɪʃn]n.mutant['mjuːtənt]n.突变体mutagen['mjuːtədʒən]n.诱变因素p

2、lasm-血浆cyto-cytecytoplasmretinoblastomablast-:胚，芽retinoblast:成视网膜细胞osteoblast成骨细胞-oma-omatousadeno-:腺adenoid:腺状肿adenomatousadenoman.腺瘤adenomatosisn.腺瘤病[ædɪnoʊmə'toʊsɪs]-osis:diseasepolyp息肉polyposis-gen:genesis,origencancercarcinogenantigenallergenpathogenmutagen-derma:skinxero-:dr

3、yxerodermaxerostomia口干xerosis干燥症xerophthalmia干眼病Introduction3groupsofmalfunctioninggenesandtheirfunctions.Howiscontrolledcellgrowthmaintained?a.proto-oncogenesb.tumorsuppressorsc.DNArepairgenespreventcelldivisionenhancecelldivisionhelppreventmutationsOncogenesandSignalTransduction

4、Howdoesaproto-oncogeneconvertintoanoncogene?Whyisonecopyofanoncogeneissufficienttocausealterationsincellgrowth?改变位置极度活跃TumorSuppressorGenesPara.5-6Whyisthetraitnotexpressedunlessbothcopiesofthenormalgenearemutated?Howcanbothgenesbecomemutated?Retinoblastoma(RB)两侧的单侧的TumorSuppresso

5、rGenesPara.7Whatarethethreeothercancersassociatedwithdefectsintumorsuppressorgenes?Whyarecancersinvolvingtumorsuppressorgenesoftenhereditary?FPC常染色体显性常染色体隐性DNARepairGenesEnvironmentalfactorsthatcandamageDNA.HowcanerrorsinDNAreplicationresultincancers?XPBloomsyndrome布卢姆综合征(胎儿期发育不全毛

6、细血管扩张等常染色体隐性遗传病)OralPresentationPrepareanoralpresentationonFormationofCancer.10minutes.ppt.