Would-a-Work—free-World-Be-So-Bad(如果世界上没有了工作).docx

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1、WouldaWork—freeWorldBeSoBad？Peoplehavespeculatedforcenturiesaboutafuturewithoutwork，andtodayisnodifferent，withacademics，writers，andactivistsonceagainwarningthattechnologyisreplacinghumanworkers.Someimaginethatthecomingwork-freeworldwillbedefinedbyinequality

2、：Afewwealthypeoplewillownallthecapital，andthemasseswillstruggleinanimpoverishedwasteland.Adifferent，lessparanoid1），andnotmutuallyexclusivepredictionholdsthatthefuturewillbeawastelandofadifferentsort，onecharacterizedbypurposelessness：Withoutjobstogivetheirli

3、vesmeaning，peoplewillsimplybecomelazyanddepressed.Indeed，todaysunemployeddontseemtobehavingagreattime.Butitdoesntnecessarilyfollow2）fromfindingslikethesethataworldwithoutworkwouldbefilledwithmalaise3）.Suchvisionsarebasedonthedownsidesofbeingunemployedinasoc

4、ietybuiltontheconceptofemployment.Intheabsenceofwork，asocietydesignedwithotherendsinmindcouldyieldstrikinglydifferentcircumstancesforthefutureoflaborandleisure.Today，thevirtueofworkmaybeabitoverblown.“Manyjobsareboring，degrading，unhealthy，andasquandering4）o

5、fhumanpotential，”saysJohnDanaher，alecturerattheNationalUniversityofIrelandinGalway.“Globalsurveysfindthatthevastmajorityofpeopleareunhappyatwork.”Thesedays，becauseleisuretimeisrelativelyscarceformostworkers，peopleusetheirfreetimetocounterbalancetheintellect

6、ualandemotionaldemandsoftheirjobs.“WhenIcomehomefromaharddayswork，Ioftenfeeltired，”Danahersays，adding，“InaworldinwhichIdonthavetowork，Imightfeelratherdifferent”—perhapsdifferentenoughtothrowhimselfintoahobbyorapassionprojectwiththeintensityusuallyreservedfo

7、rprofessionalmatters.Havingajobcanprovideameasureoffinancialstability，butinadditiontostressingoverhowtocoverlifesnecessities，todaysjoblessarefrequentlymadetofeellikesocialoutcasts.“Peoplewhoavoidworkareviewedasparasites5）andleeches6），”Danahersays.Perhapsasa

8、resultofthisculturalattitude，formostpeople，self-esteemandidentityaretiedupintricatelywiththeirjob，orlackofjob.第7页共7页Plus，inmanymodern-daysocieties，unemploymentcanalsobedownrightboring.Inmanycountries，t