冷蒿孢粉学及雌配子体发育研究.pdf

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1、分类号S812学校代码10129UDC582.5.9学号08204005冷蒿孢粉学及雌配子体发育研究ResearchonPalynologyandFemaleGametophyteDevelopmentinArtemisiafrigidaWilld.申请人：石晓俊学科门类：理学学科专业：生态学研究方向：草地生态学指导教师：李青丰教授宛涛教授论文提交日期：二○一一年五月摘要本文以内蒙古不同生境冷蒿为研究对象，结合不同生境冷蒿的形态特征和细胞学特征，采用孢粉学和生殖生物学的研究方法，对冷蒿进行了专项研究。通过研究表明：不同生境冷蒿在花

2、粉形态上有差异，冷蒿花粉具有二型性现象，分别为长球形和扁球形。冷蒿花粉的水平有效传播距离大于200cm，垂直传播距离大于100cm，花粉散布高峰期在早上10时左右，花粉散布量与温度、风速及风向有直接联系。蔗糖对冷蒿花粉的萌发有影响，20%浓度的蔗糖溶液对冷蒿花粉的萌发有明显的促进作用，低浓度蔗糖的作用不明显，而25%蔗糖浓度对其萌发有抑制作用。冷蒿花粉的萌发在有光照条件下速度加快。冷蒿的雌配子体发育属于单孢型胚囊，薄珠心；基生胎座；单胚珠倒生型；在4个直线型排列大孢子出现之后，合点端大孢子发育为功能大孢子；成熟胚囊属于蓼型胚囊。关

3、键词：冷蒿；孢粉；传粉；大孢子ResearchonPalynologyandFemaleGametophyteDevelopmentinArtemisia.frigidaWilld.AbstractInthispaper,Artemisiafrigidawilld.whichfromsomedifferenthabitatsofInnerMongoliaasthetestedmaterials,studywiththemorphologicalcharacteristicsandcytologicalfeatures,theuse

4、ofpollenandreproductivebiologyresearchmethods,conductedaspecialstudyofArtemisiafrigida.Throughresearchshowedthat:TherearedifferesinpollenmorphologyofArtemisia.frigidaWilldfromdifferenthabitats,coldArtemisiapollendimorphismphenomenon,namely,sphericalandflatforthelongba

5、ll.Artemisia.frigidaWilldeffectivedisseminationofpollenfrommorethan2cm,pollendispersalpeakataround10o'clockinthemorningtheamountofpollendispersalandthetemperature,humidity,windspeedandwinddirectionisdirectlylinkedtothematuresporangiaofcrackingdependsonthesmallatmosphe

6、rictemperatureandhumidity,windspeedwillspeedupthepollenshed.Sucroseconcentrationonpollengerminationfrigidaaffectthesuitableconcentrationofsucrosesolutiononthegerminationofpollenfrigidaroleinpromotingtheroleofthelowconcentrationofsucroseisnotobvious,whilethehigherconce

7、ntrationofsucroseinhibitedgermination.Artemisiapollengerminationinthecoldlightconditionshaveaccelerated.Artemisia.frigidaWilld.embryonicdevelopmentisasinglesporetypeembryosac,thinnucellus;basalplacenta;singleovuleanatropoustype;arrangedin4linearmegasporeappears,chalaz

8、almegasporedevelopsintothefunctionalmegaspore;matureembryocapsuleisPolygonumtypeembryosac.Keywords：Artemisia.frigidaWilld.;p